Effects of soybean agglutinin on nitrogen metabolism and on characteristics of intestinal tissues and pancreas in rats.

Zhentian Li, Defa Li, Shiyan Qiao
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引用次数: 19

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of increasing concentrations of supplemental purified soybean agglutinin on performance, apparent nitrogen digestibility, plasma insulin and cholecystokinine (CCK) levels in rats as well as on the growth of the small intestine and pancreas. In Experiment 1, a 10-day nitrogen balance trial was conducted with 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats (mean BW 85 g) that were randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments. Rats in each group were provided daily with 7 g of a casein-cornstarch based diet (control) or a diet supplemented with purified soybean agglutinin at 0.4, 0.6 or 0.8 mg/g. Urine and faeces were collected daily and stored at -20 degrees C until analysis. In Experiment 2, 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats (mean BW 75 g) were divided into five groups for a 20-day growth experiment. Each rat was fed daily 7 g of a casein-cornstarch based diet (control) or a diet supplemented with purified soybean agglutinin at 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 or 2.0 mg/g. All experimental diets were adjusted to contain a similar level of nutrients. Results from the two experiments showed that supplementation of soybean agglutinin below 2.0 mg/g diet had no significant effect on rat performance. However, rats receiving 2.0 mg soybean agglutinin per gram of diet showed a significant reduction in weight gain compared to the control group. Incorporation of soybean agglutinin in the diet reduced apparent nitrogen digestibility and the retention of dietary nitrogen by increasing nitrogen loss from the faeces and urine. In addition, plasma CCK level increased with increasing inclusion of soybean agglutinin in the diet. On the contrary, the plasma insulin level declined as soybean agglutinin level increased. Soybean agglutinin induced a polyamine-dependent hyperplastic and hypertrophic growth of the small intestine and pancreas by increasing the contents of protein, RNA and DNA, though the increase in weight of small intestine was not significant. Furthermore, 1.2 and 2.0 mg soybean agglutinin per gram of diet promoted proliferation of the jejunum mucosa, while the structure of the brush border epithelium of small intestinal had no damaging change and no diarrhoea was observed in any treatment group. Based on these results, supplementation of low doses of soybean agglutinin or soy protein to parenterally-fed animals affected by atrophic small intestine may promote small intestinal growth.

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大豆凝集素对大鼠氮代谢以及肠道组织和胰腺特征的影响
我们进行了两项实验,以研究浓度不断增加的纯化大豆凝集素对大鼠表现、表观氮消化率、血浆胰岛素和胆囊收缩素(CCK)水平以及小肠和胰腺生长的影响。在实验 1 中,对 24 只雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠(平均体重 85 克)进行了为期 10 天的氮平衡试验。每组大鼠每天摄入 7 克以酪蛋白-玉米淀粉为基础的食物(对照组)或添加 0.4、0.6 或 0.8 毫克/克纯化大豆凝集素的食物。每天收集尿液和粪便,并在分析前保存在零下 20 摄氏度的环境中。在实验 2 中,30 只雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠(平均体重 75 克)被分成 5 组,进行为期 20 天的生长实验。每只大鼠每天喂食 7 克以酪蛋白-玉米淀粉为基础的食物(对照组)或添加 0.4、0.8、1.2 或 2.0 毫克/克纯化大豆凝集素的食物。所有实验日粮都经过调整,含有相似的营养成分。两项实验的结果表明,补充低于 2.0 毫克/克的大豆凝集素对大鼠的表现没有显著影响。然而,与对照组相比,每克日粮中摄入 2.0 毫克大豆凝集素的大鼠体重增加显著减少。在日粮中添加大豆凝集素会增加粪便和尿液中的氮损失,从而降低表观氮消化率和日粮氮保留率。此外,随着日粮中大豆凝集素添加量的增加,血浆 CCK 水平也随之升高。相反,血浆胰岛素水平随着大豆凝集素含量的增加而下降。大豆凝集素通过增加蛋白质、RNA 和 DNA 的含量,诱导小肠和胰腺的多胺依赖性增生和肥大,但小肠重量的增加并不显著。此外,每克膳食中 1.2 和 2.0 毫克大豆凝集素可促进空肠粘膜增生,而小肠刷状缘上皮细胞的结构没有破坏性变化,任何处理组均未观察到腹泻。根据上述结果,给肠胃萎缩的动物补充低剂量的大豆凝集素或大豆蛋白可促进小肠生长。
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