Nanofabrication and microfabrication of functional materials for tissue engineering.

Hyoungshin Park, Christopher Cannizzaro, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, Robert Langer, Charles A Vacanti, Omid C Farokhzad
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引用次数: 127

Abstract

The burgeoning field of regenerative medicine promises significant progress in the treatment of cardiac ischemia, liver disease, and spinal cord injury. Key to its success will be the ability to engineer tissue safely and reliably. Tissue functionality must be recapitulated in the laboratory and then integrated into surrounding tissue upon transfer to the patient. Scaffolding materials must be chosen such that the microenvironment surrounding the cells is a close analog of the native environment. In the early days of tissue engineering, these materials were largely borrowed from other fields, with much of the focus on biocompatibility and biodegradation. However, attention has shifted recently to cell-cell and cell-surface interactions, largely because of enabling technologies at the nanoscale and microscale. Studies on cellular behavior in response to various stimuli are now easily realized by using microfabrication techniques and devices (e.g., biomedical microelectromechanical systems). These experiments are reproducible and moderate in cost, and often can be accomplished at high throughput, providing the fundamental knowledge required to design biomaterials that closely mimic the biological system. It is our opinion that these novel materials and technologies will bring engineered tissues one step closer to practical application in the clinic. This review discusses their application to cardiac, liver, and nerve tissue engineering.

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组织工程功能材料的纳米加工和微加工。
新兴的再生医学领域有望在心脏缺血、肝脏疾病和脊髓损伤的治疗方面取得重大进展。其成功的关键将是安全可靠地设计组织的能力。组织功能必须在实验室中重现,然后在转移给患者时整合到周围组织中。脚手架材料的选择必须使细胞周围的微环境近似于自然环境。在组织工程的早期,这些材料主要是从其他领域借来的,主要集中在生物相容性和生物降解上。然而,最近的注意力已经转移到细胞-细胞和细胞表面的相互作用,很大程度上是因为在纳米尺度和微尺度上的使能技术。通过使用微加工技术和设备(如生物医学微机电系统),可以很容易地实现对各种刺激响应的细胞行为的研究。这些实验是可重复的,成本适中,并且通常可以在高通量下完成,提供设计生物材料所需的基本知识,以密切模仿生物系统。我们认为,这些新材料和技术将使工程组织更接近临床的实际应用。本文就其在心脏、肝脏和神经组织工程中的应用作一综述。
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Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING-BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
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