Improved cellular infiltration in electrospun fiber via engineered porosity.

Jin Nam, Yan Huang, Sudha Agarwal, John Lannutti
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Abstract

Small pore sizes inherent to electrospun matrices can hinder efficient cellular ingrowth. To facilitate infiltration while retaining its extracellular matrix-like character, electrospinning was combined with salt leaching to produce a scaffold having deliberate, engineered delaminations. We made elegant use of a specific randomizing component of the electrospinning process, the Taylor Cone and the falling fiber beneath it, to produce a uniform, well-spread distribution of salt particles. After 3 weeks of culture, up to 4 mm of cellular infiltration was observed, along with cellular coverage of up to 70% within the delaminations. To our knowledge, this represents the first observation of extensive cellular infiltration of electrospun matrices. Infiltration appears to be driven primarily by localized proliferation rather than coordinated cellular locomotion. Cells also moved from the salt-generated porosity into the surrounding electrospun fiber matrix. Given that the details of salt deposition (amount, size, and number density) are far from optimized, the result provides a convincing illustration of the ability of mammalian cells to interact with appropriately tailored electrospun matrices. These layered structures can be precisely fabricated by varying the deposition interval and particle size conceivably to produce in vivo-like gradients in porosity such that the resulting scaffolds better resemble the desired final structure.

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通过设计孔隙率改善细胞在电纺纤维中的浸润。
电纺基质固有的小孔会阻碍细胞的有效生长。为了在保持细胞外基质特性的同时促进浸润,我们将电纺丝与盐浸出相结合,制造出一种具有特意设计的分层的支架。我们巧妙地利用了电纺丝过程中的一个特殊随机化组件--泰勒锥及其下方的纤维坠落,从而产生了均匀分布的盐颗粒。培养 3 周后,观察到细胞浸润达 4 毫米,分层内细胞覆盖率高达 70%。据我们所知,这是首次观察到电纺基质的广泛细胞浸润。浸润似乎主要是由局部增殖而非协调的细胞运动驱动的。细胞还从盐产生的孔隙中移动到周围的电纺纤维基质中。鉴于盐沉积的细节(数量、大小和数量密度)远未达到最佳,这一结果令人信服地说明了哺乳动物细胞与适当定制的电纺基质相互作用的能力。可以想象,通过改变沉积间隔和颗粒大小来精确制造这些分层结构,从而产生类似于活体的孔隙率梯度,使生成的支架更接近所需的最终结构。
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Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING-BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
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