Dispensed drugs and multiple medications in the Swedish population: an individual-based register study.

Bo Hovstadius, Bengt Astrand, Göran Petersson
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引用次数: 69

Abstract

Background: Multiple medications is a well-known potential risk factor in terms of patient's health. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of dispensed drugs and multiple medications in an entire national population, by using individual based data on dispensed drugs.

Methods: Analyses of all dispensed out-patient prescriptions in 2006 from the Swedish prescribed drug register. As a cut-off for multiple medications, we applied five or more different drugs dispensed (DP >or= 5) at Swedish pharmacies for a single individual during a 3-month, a 6-month, and a 12-month study period. For comparison, results were also calculated with certain drug groups excluded.

Results: 6.2 million individuals received at least one dispensed drug (DP >or= 1) during 12 months in 2006 corresponding to a prevalence of 67.4%; 75.6% for females and 59.3% for males. Individuals received on average 4.7 dispensed drugs per individual (median 3, Q1-Q3 2-6); females 5.0 (median 3, Q1-Q3 2-7), males 4.3 (median 3, Q1-Q3 1-6).The prevalence of multiple medications (DP >or= 5) was 24.4% for the entire population. The prevalence increased with age. For elderly 70-79, 80-89, and 90-years, the prevalence of DP >or= 5 was 62.4, 75.1, and 77.7% in the respective age groups. 82.8% of all individuals with DP >or= 1 and 64.9% of all individuals with DP >or= 5 were < 70 years. Multiple medications was more frequent for females (29.6%) than for males (19.2%). For individuals 10 to 39 years, DP >or= 5 was twice as common among females compared to males. Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system excluded, reduced the relative risk (RR) for females vs. males for DP >or= 5 from 1.5 to 1.4. The prevalence of DP >or= 1 increased from 45.1 to 56.2 and 67.4%, respectively, when the study period was 3, 6, and 12 respectively months and the corresponding prevalence of DP >or= 5 was 11.3, 17.2, and 24.4% respectively.

Conclusion: The prevalence of dispensed drugs and multiple medications were extensive in all age groups and were higher for females than for males. Multiple medications should be regarded as a risk in terms of potential drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions in all age groups.

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瑞典人口中的配药和多种药物:一项基于个人的登记研究。
背景:就患者健康而言,多种药物治疗是众所周知的潜在危险因素。本研究的目的是通过使用基于个人的分配药物数据,估计分配药物和多种药物在整个国家人口中的流行程度。方法:对瑞典2006年所有门诊处方进行分析。作为多种药物的截止点,我们在3个月、6个月和12个月的研究期间,为单个个体在瑞典药房配发了5种或更多种不同的药物(DP >或= 5)。为了进行比较,还计算了排除某些药物组的结果。结果:2006年12个月内至少使用过一种药物(DP >或= 1)的有620万人,患病率为67.4%;女性为75.6%,男性为59.3%。每个个体平均获得4.7种药物(中位数为3,q1 - q2 -6);女性5.0(中位数3,Q1-Q3 2-7),男性4.3(中位数3,Q1-Q3 1-6)。在整个人群中,多种药物的患病率(DP >或= 5)为24.4%。患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。在70-79岁、80-89岁和90岁的老年人中,DP >或= 5的患病率分别为62.4、75.1和77.7%。DP >或= 1的82.8%和DP >或= 5的64.9%的个体年龄< 70岁。女性使用多种药物的频率(29.6%)高于男性(19.2%)。对于10 ~ 39岁的个体,DP >或= 5在女性中的发生率是男性的两倍。排除性激素和生殖系统调节剂,当DP >或= 5时,女性相对于男性的相对危险度(RR)从1.5降低到1.4。当研究时间分别为3个月、6个月和12个月时,DP >or= 1的患病率分别从45.1上升到56.2和67.4%,DP >or= 5的患病率分别为11.3、17.2和24.4%。结论:各年龄组中配药和多重用药的流行程度普遍,且女性高于男性。就所有年龄组的潜在药物相互作用和药物不良反应而言,应将多种药物治疗视为一种风险。
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