Using fluorine-containing amphiphilic random copolymers to manipulate the quantum yields of aggregation-induced emission fluorophores in aqueous solutions and the use of these polymers for fluorescent bioimaging.

Journal of Materials Chemistry Pub Date : 2012-05-01 Epub Date: 2012-03-14 DOI:10.1039/C2JM30258F
Hongguang Lu, Fengyu Su, Qian Mei, Yanqing Tian, Wenjing Tian, Roger H Johnson, Deirdre R Meldrum
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Abstract

Two new series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) fluorophore-containing amphiphilic copolymers possessing the segments of a monomeric AIE fluorophore, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA), [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride (MATMA), and/or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) were synthesized. Photophysical properties were investigated using UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence spectrofluorometry. The increases of molar fractions of the hydrophobic AIE fluorophores and/or the trifluoroethyl moieties result in the higher quantum yields of the AIE fluorophores in the polymers. Using 1-mol% of AIE fluorophores with the tuning of molar fractions of TFEMA, 40% quantum yield was achieved, whereas only less than 10% quantum yield was obtained for the polymers without the TFEMA segments. The quantum yield difference indicates the importance of the fluorine segments for getting high quantum yields of the AIE fluorophores. These polymers were explored for fluorescent bioimaging using human brain glioblastoma U87MG and human esophagus premalignant CP-A cell lines. All the polymers are cell permeable and located in the cellular cytoplasma area. Cellular uptake was demonstrated to be through endocytosis, which is time and energy dependent. The polymers are non-cytotoxic to the two cell lines. Because the polymers contain (19)F segments, we studied the spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) and spin-spin relaxation time (T2) of these polymers. T1 and T2 are the two important parameters for the evaluations of the capacity of these polymers for further applications in (19)F magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F MRI). Structure influence on T1 and T2, especially for T2, was observed. These new multifunctional materials are the first series of fluorinated polymers with AIE fluorophores for bioapplications.

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利用含氟两亲无规共聚物操纵水溶液中聚集诱导发射荧光团的量子产率,并将这些聚合物用于荧光生物成像。
合成了两个新系列的含聚合诱导发射(AIE)荧光团的两亲共聚物,它们具有 AIE 荧光团单体、N-(2-羟基丙基)甲基丙烯酰胺(HPMA)、[2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基]三甲基氯化铵(MATMA)和/或甲基丙烯酸 2,2,2-三氟乙酯(TFEMA)的片段。采用紫外可见吸光度法和荧光分光光度法对其光物理性质进行了研究。随着疏水性 AIE 荧光团和/或三氟乙基摩尔分数的增加,聚合物中 AIE 荧光团的量子产率也随之增加。使用 1-mol% 的 AIE 荧光团并调整 TFEMA 的摩尔分数,可获得 40% 的量子产率,而不含 TFEMA 部分的聚合物只能获得不到 10% 的量子产率。量子产率的差异表明,氟段对 AIE 荧光团获得高量子产率非常重要。研究人员使用人脑胶质母细胞瘤 U87MG 和人食道癌前病变 CP-A 细胞系对这些聚合物进行了荧光生物成像研究。所有聚合物都具有细胞渗透性,位于细胞胞浆区域。细胞摄取被证明是通过内吞作用进行的,而内吞作用与时间和能量有关。聚合物对两种细胞系均无细胞毒性。由于聚合物含有 (19)F 片段,我们研究了这些聚合物的自旋晶格弛豫时间(T1)和自旋-自旋弛豫时间(T2)。T1 和 T2 是评估这些聚合物在 (19)F 磁共振成像((19)F MRI)中进一步应用能力的两个重要参数。我们观察到了结构对 T1 和 T2 的影响,尤其是对 T2 的影响。这些新型多功能材料是首个用于生物应用的带有 AIE 荧光团的含氟聚合物系列。
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来源期刊
Journal of Materials Chemistry
Journal of Materials Chemistry 工程技术-材料科学:综合
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1.5 months
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