[Recommendations for vitamin D supplementation in infants and young children].

Journal de pharmacie de Belgique Pub Date : 2013-09-01
N De Ronne, J De Schepper
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Abstract

Vitamin D deficiency occurs rather commonly among healthy pregnant women, newborns and young children, especially in certain risk groups. Since vitamin D plays a role in calcium and phosphor metabolism essential for bone health and in the physiopathology of some autoimmune diseases it seems important to provide recommendations for prevention of vitamin D deficiency. Risk factors include maternal vitamin D deficiency, low intake of fortified food, eg. breastfeeding, low compliance of supplementation, dark skin, inadequate sun exposure, premature birth, overweight, living at high latitude. The aim of this paper is to summarize available data of vitamin D sources, known situations in which deficiency is common and published guidelines on vitamin D supplementation, and translate this information in recommendations for prevention of vitamin D deficiency in healthy paediatric population in Flanders. Infants should receive an oral supplementation of 400 IU/day of vitamin D from birth and this should be continued till the age of 6 years. In cases of dark skin the dose should be 600 IU/day. An healthy life style with outdoor activities and associated sun exposure and intake of fortified nutrition should be advised. The implementation should be promoted by all healthcare professionals working with young children.

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[婴幼儿补充维生素D的建议]。
维生素D缺乏在健康孕妇、新生儿和幼儿中相当普遍,特别是在某些危险群体中。由于维生素D在钙和磷代谢中起着重要作用,对骨骼健康和一些自身免疫性疾病的生理病理至关重要,因此提供预防维生素D缺乏的建议似乎很重要。风险因素包括母亲维生素D缺乏,低摄入量的强化食品,如。母乳喂养,低依从性补充,皮肤黝黑,日照不足,早产,超重,生活在高纬度地区。本文的目的是总结维生素D来源的现有数据,已知的维生素D缺乏的常见情况和已发表的维生素D补充指南,并将这些信息转化为预防佛兰德斯健康儿科人群维生素D缺乏的建议。婴儿应该从出生开始每天口服400国际单位的维生素D,并应持续到6岁。在深色皮肤的情况下,剂量应为600 IU/天。应该提倡一种健康的生活方式,包括户外活动和相关的阳光照射,以及摄入强化营养。所有从事幼儿工作的卫生保健专业人员都应促进实施。
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