{"title":"Ecological validity of executive function tests in predicting driving performance.","authors":"Heshmatollah Ghawami, Jaleh Homaei Shoaa, Mona Moazenzadeh, Minoo Sorkhavandi, Atiyeh Okhovvat, Neda Hadizadeh, Marjan Yamola, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2126940","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Almost all of our everyday activities depend on executive function (EF) skills. In line with the increasing attention to the ecological validation of neuropsychological assessment and intervention methods, this study aimed to explore the ecological validity of a relevant set of widely used EF tests, mostly from well-known paradigms of EF assessment, in predicting driving ability. Ninety-six healthy novice drivers (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 26.2 years, <i>SD</i> = 8.4; 48 female) completed four stages of our data collection including psychological, EF, and driving assessments. For the psychological assessment, validated measures of sensation-seeking, risk-taking, personality traits, ADHD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and stress were administered. For the EF assessment, selected tests from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS: Trail Making, Design Fluency, and Tower) and the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS: Key Search, Zoo Map, and Modified Six Elements) along with a computerized Stroop test were administered. For the driving assessment, we used a simulated driving test comprising of 14 key dimensions of driving skills. Several correlations and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Significant correlations were found between all the EF measures and driving performance. Moreover, the EF measures predicted the driving ability over and above the effects of previous driving experience and the psychological variables. These results provide supporting evidence for the ecological validity of the EF tests in predicting driving performance. The incorporation of assessment and intervention targeting multiple domains of EF into driving rehabilitation and education programs could be a focus of future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":50741,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":" ","pages":"1352-1364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2022.2126940","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/9/24 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Almost all of our everyday activities depend on executive function (EF) skills. In line with the increasing attention to the ecological validation of neuropsychological assessment and intervention methods, this study aimed to explore the ecological validity of a relevant set of widely used EF tests, mostly from well-known paradigms of EF assessment, in predicting driving ability. Ninety-six healthy novice drivers (Mage = 26.2 years, SD = 8.4; 48 female) completed four stages of our data collection including psychological, EF, and driving assessments. For the psychological assessment, validated measures of sensation-seeking, risk-taking, personality traits, ADHD symptoms, depression, anxiety, and stress were administered. For the EF assessment, selected tests from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS: Trail Making, Design Fluency, and Tower) and the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS: Key Search, Zoo Map, and Modified Six Elements) along with a computerized Stroop test were administered. For the driving assessment, we used a simulated driving test comprising of 14 key dimensions of driving skills. Several correlations and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Significant correlations were found between all the EF measures and driving performance. Moreover, the EF measures predicted the driving ability over and above the effects of previous driving experience and the psychological variables. These results provide supporting evidence for the ecological validity of the EF tests in predicting driving performance. The incorporation of assessment and intervention targeting multiple domains of EF into driving rehabilitation and education programs could be a focus of future research.
我们几乎所有的日常活动都依赖于执行功能(EF)技能。随着人们对神经心理学评估和干预方法的生态学验证越来越重视,本研究旨在探索一套广泛使用的相关EF测试在预测驾驶能力方面的生态学有效性,这些测试大多来自著名的EF评估范式。96名健康的新手司机(年龄26.2岁,SD=8.4;48名女性)完成了四个阶段的数据收集,包括心理、EF和驾驶评估。在心理评估中,我们对寻求感觉、冒险、个性特征、多动症症状、抑郁、焦虑和压力进行了有效测量。在EF评估中,我们采用了德利斯-卡普兰执行功能系统(D-KEFS:追踪、设计流畅性和塔式)和执行障碍综合症行为评估(BADS:钥匙搜索、动物园地图和改良六要素)中的部分测试以及计算机化的斯特罗普测试。在驾驶评估中,我们使用了模拟驾驶测试,其中包括 14 个关键的驾驶技能维度。我们进行了多项相关分析和多元回归分析。结果发现,所有 EF 测量值与驾驶表现之间都存在显著相关性。此外,EF 指标对驾驶能力的预测超过了以往驾驶经验和心理变量的影响。这些结果为预测驾驶表现的 EF 测试的生态有效性提供了支持性证据。在驾驶康复和教育计划中纳入针对多个EF领域的评估和干预可能是未来研究的重点。