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Correction. 更正。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2130584
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引用次数: 0
Which motor-cognitive abilities underlie the digital Trail-Making Test? Decomposing various test scores to detect cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease-Pilot study. 哪些运动认知能力是数字寻迹测试的基础?分解各种测试得分以检测帕金森病患者的认知障碍--试点研究。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2147837
Soo-Yong Park, Nadja Schott

Since Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous disorder with symptoms, such as tremors, gait and speech disturbances, or memory loss, individualized diagnostics are needed to optimize treatment. In their current form, the typical paper-pencil methods traditionally used to track disease progression are too coarse to capture the subtleties of clinical phenomena. For this reason, digital biomarkers that capture, for example, motor function, cognition, and behavior using apps, wearables, and tracking systems are becoming increasingly established. However, given the high prevalence of cognitive impairment in PD, digital cognitive biomarkers to predict mental progression are important in clinical practice. This pilot study aimed to identify those components of our digital version of the TMT (dTMT) that allow discrimination between PD patients with and without cognitive deficits. A total of 30 healthy control (age 66.3 ± 8.61) and 30 participants with PD (age 68.3 ± 9.66) performed the dTMT using a touch-sensitive tablet to capture enhanced performance metrics, such as the speed between and inside circles. The decomposition of cognitive abilities based on integrating additional variables in the dTMT revealed that the Parkinson's disease group was significantly more sensitive to parameters of inhibitory control. In contrast, the mild cognitive impairment group was sensitive to parameters of cognitive flexibility and working memory. The dTMT allows objective, ecologically valid, and long-term cognitive and fine-motor performance tracking, suggesting its potential as a digital biomarker in neurodegenerative disorders.

由于帕金森病(PD)是一种具有震颤、步态和言语障碍或记忆力减退等症状的异质性疾病,因此需要进行个体化诊断以优化治疗。目前,传统上用于跟踪疾病进展的典型纸笔方法过于粗糙,无法捕捉到临床现象的微妙之处。因此,使用应用程序、可穿戴设备和跟踪系统来捕捉运动功能、认知和行为等方面的数字生物标志物正变得越来越成熟。然而,鉴于认知障碍在帕金森病中的高发病率,预测精神进展的数字认知生物标志物在临床实践中非常重要。这项试点研究旨在确定我们的数字版 TMT(dTMT)中哪些部分可以区分有认知障碍和无认知障碍的帕金森病患者。共有 30 名健康对照者(年龄为 66.3 ± 8.61)和 30 名患有帕金森病的参与者(年龄为 68.3 ± 9.66)使用触摸感应平板电脑进行了 dTMT,以捕捉增强的性能指标,如圆圈之间和圆圈内部的速度。根据对 dTMT 中附加变量的整合对认知能力进行分解后发现,帕金森病组对抑制控制参数的敏感度明显更高。相比之下,轻度认知障碍组对认知灵活性和工作记忆的参数更为敏感。dTMT 可以对认知和精细运动表现进行客观、生态学有效的长期跟踪,表明它具有作为神经退行性疾病数字生物标记物的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Rehabilitation interventions for cognitive deficits in stroke survivors: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. 针对中风幸存者认知障碍的康复干预:随机对照试验的系统回顾。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-04 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2130319
Anas R Alashram, Giuseppe Annino, Elvira Padua

Cognitive deficits are one of the most common impairments after stroke. It negatively affects physical and social functioning. Rehabilitation interventions for cognitive deficits post-stroke have taken less consideration. The present study aimed to provide an overview of the effects of various rehabilitation interventions on cognitive functions in patients with stroke. PUBMED, SCOPUS, PEDro, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and REHABDATA were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of rehabilitation interventions on cognitive domains poststroke until August 2021. The methodological quality of the selected studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration tool, and the effect sizes were calculated. Forty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 3561 individuals with stroke, 57.60% of whom were males. The mean age for all participants was 65.48 years. Eighteen RCTs were high, moderate (n = 17), and low methodological quality (n = 9). The results showed evidence for the beneficial effects of many rehabilitation interventions on cognition in individuals with stroke. Rehabilitation plays a crucial role in improving cognitive functions in stroke patients with mild cognitive deficits. Virtual reality (VR), computer-based cognitive rehabilitation (CBCR), and non-aerobic exercises may promote cognitive functions in patients with stroke.

认知障碍是中风后最常见的损伤之一。它对身体和社会功能产生负面影响。针对中风后认知障碍的康复干预措施较少被考虑。本研究旨在概述各种康复干预对中风患者认知功能的影响。本研究检索了 PUBMED、SCOPUS、PEDro、EMBASE、MEDLINE 和 REHABDATA 中截至 2021 年 8 月调查康复干预对脑卒中后认知功能影响的随机对照试验(RCT)。采用 Cochrane 协作工具对所选研究的方法学质量进行了评估,并计算了效应大小。有 44 项研究符合纳入标准。共有 3561 名中风患者,其中 57.60% 为男性。所有参与者的平均年龄为 65.48 岁。18 项研究的方法学质量为高、中(n = 17)和低(n = 9)。研究结果表明,有证据表明许多康复干预措施对中风患者的认知能力有益。康复在改善轻度认知功能障碍的脑卒中患者的认知功能方面起着至关重要的作用。虚拟现实(VR)、基于计算机的认知康复(CBCR)和非有氧运动可促进中风患者的认知功能。
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引用次数: 0
Normative data for the story recall subtest of the BEM-144 in the Quebec-French population aged 50 years and over. 魁北克-法国 50 岁及以上人口 BEM-144 故事回忆分测验的标准数据。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2147432
Élodie Marois, Sylvie Belleville, Olivier Potvin, Joël Macoir, Carol Hudon

Objective: The story recall subtest of the Batterie d'Efficience Mnésique (BEM-144) is a verbal episodic memory test that assesses immediate and episodic memory. Variables such as age, sex, and education level can impact performance on this type of memory test, as can cultural differences. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish normative data for the story recall subtest of the BEM-144 in the elderly French-Quebec population.

Method: The normative sample consisted of 260 healthy individuals aged 50-90 years, all from the province of Quebec, Canada. Analyses were performed to estimate the association between age, sex, and education level on one hand, and immediate and delayed recall performance, on the other hand.

Results: The results show that all sociodemographic variables are significantly associated with story recall performance. Normative data are proposed in the form of regression equations.

Conclusions: Overall, these norms will be beneficial for the evaluation and detection of episodic memory impairment in middle-aged and older adults.

测试目的记忆力测验 Batterie d'Efficience Mnésique(BEM-144)中的故事回忆子测验是一种言语外显记忆测验,用于评估即时记忆和外显记忆。年龄、性别和教育水平等变量会影响这类记忆测试的成绩,文化差异也会产生影响。因此,本研究的目的是为法裔魁北克老年人群的 BEM-144 故事回忆分测验建立常模数据:标准样本由 260 名年龄在 50-90 岁之间的健康人组成,他们都来自加拿大魁北克省。对年龄、性别和教育水平与即时和延迟回忆能力之间的关系进行了分析:结果表明,所有社会人口变量都与故事回忆能力有显著关联。以回归方程的形式提出了规范数据:总之,这些标准将有助于评估和检测中老年人的外显记忆障碍。
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引用次数: 0
From pleasure to punding: Distinct patterns of anhedonia and impulsivity linked to motivational disturbances in Parkinson disease. 从愉悦到焦虑:帕金森病患者失乐症和冲动的不同模式与动机障碍有关。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2146506
Bonnie M Scott, Robert S Eisinger, Amtul-Noor Rana, Jared F Benge, Robin C Hilsabeck, Michael S Okun, Aysegul Gunduz, Dawn Bowers

Introduction: Apathy and impulse control disorders (ICD) are common comorbid motivational syndromes in Parkinson disease (PD). This study aimed to determine if patients with these motivational disturbances exhibit different patterns of anhedonia and trait impulsivity.

Methods: Sixty-four non-demented patients with PD completed questionnaires assessing apathy and ICD symptoms, which were used to classify participants into one of the following groups: apathy only, ICD only, both, and neither. Participants also completed multidimensional measures of anhedonia and trait impulsivity, which were compared across groups defined by motivational status.

Results: Individuals with both apathy and ICD had significantly greater symptoms of positive and negative urgency than all other groups and had significantly greater consummatory anhedonia and lack of premeditation and perseverance than those with ICD only and neither. Patients with apathy only also reported significantly greater anticipatory anhedonia than those with ICD only and the neither group. There were no significant between-group differences in sensation seeking.

Conclusion: Distinct patterns of impulsivity and anhedonia characterize unique behavioral phenotypes of motivational disturbances in PD and may reflect important differences in the underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Clinicians should be aware that motivational disturbances may be more severe in cases where apathy co-occurs with one or more ICD.

简介:淡漠和冲动控制障碍(ICD)是帕金森病(PD)中常见的合并动机综合征。本研究旨在确定这些动机障碍患者是否表现出不同的失神和特质冲动模式:64名非痴呆帕金森病患者填写了评估冷漠和ICD症状的问卷,并根据问卷将患者分为以下几组:仅冷漠组、仅ICD组、两者均有组和两者均无组。参与者还完成了失乐症和特质冲动性的多维度测量,并根据动机状态对不同组别进行了比较:结果:与所有其他组别相比,同时患有冷漠症和 ICD 的患者的积极和消极紧迫感症状明显更强,与仅患有 ICD 和两者均不患有 ICD 的患者相比,他们的消耗性失乐症以及缺乏预谋和毅力的症状明显更强。仅患冷漠症的患者的预期性失乐症也明显高于仅患 ICD 和两组患者。在寻求感觉方面,组间差异不明显:结论:冲动和失神的不同模式是帕金森病动机障碍的独特行为表型,可能反映了潜在神经生物学机制的重要差异。临床医生应该意识到,在冷漠与一种或多种 ICD 并存的病例中,动机障碍可能更为严重。摘要由简短的要点组成,传达文章的核心结论,并应在在线投稿系统中以单独文件的形式提交。请在文件名中使用 "Highlights",并包含 3-5 个要点(每个要点最多 85 个字符,包括空格)。有关示例,请参见 https://www.elsevier.com/highlights。
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引用次数: 0
Theory of mind in older adults: the nature of the decline. 老年人的思维理论:衰退的本质。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2150973
Ariela Gigi, Merav Papirovitz

Successful social interaction depends (among others) on one's ability to understand other people's emotional states (known as "affective-Theory-of-Mind"; aToM). A decline in this ability could be associated with changes in awareness with age. Awareness can be estimated by comparing one's subjective and objective abilities. Here we explored the sequence of changes in aToM with age, with reference to objective and subjective capacities. One hundred and eight participants were divided into three age groups: young (18-39), adults (60-69), and elders' group (70-86). Objective aToM performance was assessed using the Frith-Happé animation task (including meaningful and meaningless interactions). The subjective performance was evaluated by a Short Subjective ToM Questionnaire (sToM10). The results in the animation task showed reduction in the ability to correctly categorize meaningless interaction among the adult participants (compared to young) and a further decrease in the ability to correctly categorize meaningful interactions among the elderly participants (compared to young participants). Subjective aToM results revealed that while older participants reported a reduction in general ability to infer feelings in others, they could not report a decrease in their ability to recognize specific feelings. Our results may indicate a unique characteristic of aToM decline, which may start in adults (60-69; only reflected when the social demands are high) and further aggravates as people grow older (70th and above). In addition, results of the self-report questionnaire may indicate that while the elders are fully aware of their general decline in aToM ability, awareness of their capability to identify specific emotions is impaired.

成功的社会交往(除其他外)取决于一个人理解他人情绪状态的能力(即 "情感-心理理论";aToM)。这种能力的下降可能与年龄增长带来的意识变化有关。意识可以通过比较一个人的主观能力和客观能力来估算。在此,我们参照客观和主观能力,探讨了 aToM 随年龄变化的顺序。188 名参与者被分为三个年龄组:青年组(18-39 岁)、成人组(60-69 岁)和老年组(70-86 岁)。客观的 aToM 能力通过 Frith-Happé 动画任务(包括有意义和无意义的互动)进行评估。主观表现通过主观 ToM 问卷 (sToM10) 进行评估。动画任务的结果显示,成年参与者(与年轻人相比)正确分类无意义互动的能力有所下降,老年参与者(与年轻人相比)正确分类有意义互动的能力进一步下降。主观情感体验结果显示,虽然老年参与者推断他人情感的一般能力有所下降,但他们识别具体情感的能力却没有下降。我们的结果可能表明了一种独特的 "推理能力 "下降特征,这种下降可能从成年人(60-69 岁;只有在社会需求较高时才会反映出来)开始,并随着年龄的增长(70 岁及以上)而进一步加剧。此外,自我报告问卷的结果可能表明,虽然老年人完全意识到了自己在 aToM 能力方面的普遍衰退,但对自己识别特定情绪能力的意识却受到了损害。
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引用次数: 0
Dissociations between musical semantic memory and verbal memory in a patient with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia. 一名行为变异型额颞叶痴呆症患者的音乐语义记忆与言语记忆之间的分离。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2148105
Romina Tirigay, Julieta Moltrasio, Wanda Rubinstein

Objectives: Patients with dementia show dissociations between musical semantic memory (i.e., spared musical lexicon) and other memory modalities, except in some severe cases. We aim to study, from a neuropsychological point of view, the dissociation between musical semantic memory compared to language and verbal memory in a patient with severe Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD). We hypothesize a single dissociation between these domains will be found, with sparing of musical semantic memory.

Methods: LC, a patient with severe bvFTD, and three matched controls were assessed through language, semantic, and episodic memory, and musical semantic memory tasks. The control group had similar music taste as LC: to participate as controls, tango must be one of their favorite musical genres.

Results: LC showed impairment in all Verbal Memory tasks, but not in musical tasks. There was a dissociation between musical semantic memory, and language and verbal semantic memory.

Conclusions: The musical lexicon can be preserved in advanced stages of dementia, which supports the idea that music can be a therapeutic tool in patients with severe dementia.

目的:除某些严重病例外,痴呆症患者的音乐语义记忆(即音乐词典)与其他记忆模式之间存在分离。我们旨在从神经心理学的角度研究严重行为变异性额颞叶痴呆症(bvFTD)患者的音乐语义记忆与语言和言语记忆之间的分离。我们假设这些领域之间会出现单一的分离,而音乐语义记忆则不受影响:我们通过语言、语义和情节记忆以及音乐语义记忆任务对一名重度 bvFTD 患者 LC 和三名匹配对照组进行了评估。对照组的音乐品味与 LC 相似:探戈必须是他们最喜欢的音乐类型之一,才能作为对照组参加:结果:LC 在所有言语记忆任务中都表现出障碍,但在音乐任务中却没有。音乐语义记忆与语言和言语语义记忆之间存在分离:结论:音乐词典在痴呆症晚期仍能保留,这支持了音乐可作为严重痴呆症患者治疗工具的观点。
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引用次数: 0
The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV Cognitive Proficiency Index: alternate form reliability of the nine possible subtest tetrads. 韦氏成人智力量表-IV 认知能力指数:九个可能的四分测验的交替形式信度。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-17 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2146505
Catherine E Campbell, Edward D Rossini, Mia S Johnson

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV) added a new interpretative level by assigning the ten standard subtests into one of two constructs, the General Ability Index or the Cognitive Proficiency Index (CPI). The CPI, inferred to be a non-intellective measure of information processing efficiency, is composed of the two Working Memory Index and the two Processing Speed Index subtests (DS, AR, CD, SS). However, each index has one supplemental subtest that can be used in place of a standard one, thereby creating nine possible CPI tetrads, except for senior adults 70-90. Measuring the equivalence reliability of the nine alternate CPI tetrads was the aim of this study. Using the WAIS-IV standardization data, it was shown that all nine CPI tetrads have exceptionally high subtest equivalence reliability (.90+). For neuropsychological research purposes, all nine CPI constructions can be considered interchangeable, alternate-form measures of composite information processing efficiency. However, more research is needed to establish their accuracy for individual assessment, as well as to measure the other important reliability and predictive construct validity characteristics of the nine CPI tetrads.

韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-IV)增加了一个新的解释层次,将十个标准分测验归入两个结构之一,即一般能力指数或认知能力指数(CPI)。CPI 是对信息处理效率的非智力测量,由两个工作记忆指数和两个处理速度指数分测验(DS、AR、CD、SS)组成。不过,每个指数都有一个补充分测验,可以用来代替标准分测验,从而产生了九种可能的 CPI 四分测验,但 70-90 岁的老年人除外。本研究的目的是测量九个备用 CPI 四元组的等效可靠性。使用 WAIS-IV 标准化数据显示,所有九个 CPI 四元组都具有极高的分测验等效可靠性(0.90 以上)。就神经心理学研究而言,所有九个 CPI 结构都可被视为可互换的、交替形式的综合信息处理效率测量。然而,还需要进行更多的研究,以确定它们在个体评估中的准确性,并测量九项 CPI 四元组的其他重要信度和预测建构效度特征。
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引用次数: 0
Information seeking behaviors and attitudes of wives of former football players regarding chronic traumatic encephalopathy. 前橄榄球运动员妻子对慢性创伤性脑病的信息寻求行为和态度。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-24 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2145892
Summer D Ott, Sukhnandan K Cheema, Alexa Ryder, Philip Schatz, Lorie A Gonzalez, Jecenia Duran, Paul E Schulz

This study examines CTE-related knowledge and information-seeking behaviors of caregivers of persons who are at high risk of CTE. Online survey responses were collected from 64 females, ages 18-74, who were married to former college, semiprofessional, or professional football players and were fluent in English. Ranging from 0 to 18, a score was calculated to represent level of CTE knowledge. Participants were classified into groups based on their spouse's reported symptoms and diagnosis. Approximately 87% of participants reported that their spouses have been diagnosed with a football-related concussion and were significantly more likely to seek out information from a healthcare provider, a scientific journal or article, and post/comment on social media compared to spouses of symptomatic/undiagnosed and non-symptomatic groups. Participants reported 77% of available information as probably true, with social media thought to be highly credible. Highest levels of dissatisfaction were reported for league-sponsored websites and physicians/healthcare providers. Although the majority of participants sought CTE related information on regular or social media, and the internet, information sources differed amongst the groups. These findings may help healthcare providers and organizations develop more effective health-related educational programs that will help the wives make informed decisions regarding care for their spouses with respect to CTE.

本研究调查了 CTE 高危人群的照顾者对 CTE 相关知识的了解情况以及他们的信息搜寻行为。本研究收集了 64 位女性的在线调查回复,这些女性的年龄在 18-74 岁之间,与前大学、半职业或职业足球运动员结婚,英语流利。在 0 到 18 分之间计算出一个分数,代表对 CTE 的了解程度。参与者根据其配偶报告的症状和诊断结果被分为不同的组别。约 87% 的参与者称其配偶已被诊断出患有与足球有关的脑震荡,与有症状/未确诊组和无症状组的配偶相比,他们更倾向于从医疗保健提供者、科学杂志或文章中寻求信息,并在社交媒体上发布/评论。参与者认为 77% 的可用信息可能是真实的,而社交媒体被认为具有很高的可信度。对联盟赞助的网站和医生/医疗保健提供者的不满意度最高。尽管大多数参与者都在常规或社交媒体以及互联网上寻找与 CTE 相关的信息,但不同群体的信息来源各不相同。这些发现可能有助于医疗保健提供者和组织制定更有效的健康相关教育计划,帮助妻子们在照顾其配偶时就 CTE 问题做出明智的决定。
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引用次数: 0
Online search strategies utilized in feigning attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while performing a continuous performance test (CPT). 在进行连续表现测试(CPT)时假装注意力缺陷/多动症(ADHD)的在线搜索策略。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2128356
Daniella Winter, Yoram Braw

Background: The availability of information regarding neuropsychological tests threatens their confidentiality. This concern may be particularly relevant to Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) considering its widespread online coverage. The present study explored simulators' online search strategies.

Method: Simulators (n = 39) searched for information before undergoing an evaluation which included performing a continuous performance test (CPT). Their search strategies were analyzed, and their performance was compared to that of ADHD patients (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 38).

Results: Most simulators reached high-risk websites that provided written and video-based information regarding the test. Sixty percent, comprised mostly of 3rd-year students, reached Google Scholar. These students were also easier to detect as simulators. Common strategies included performing the CPT in accordance with typical ADHD symptoms and avoiding the endorsement of both unusual and stereotypical symptoms.

Conclusion: Simulators can access online information that contains key test data. Higher education may increase the ability to reach academic research while decreasing the ability to convincingly feign impairment. While additional research is needed to examine coaching effects on neuropsychological testing, the risk to test security that many websites pose should be acknowledged and steps, including ones taken by test publishers, should be undertaken to minimize it.

背景:神经心理测试信息的可获得性威胁着测试的保密性。考虑到注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)在网络上的广泛传播,这种担忧可能与注意力缺陷/多动障碍尤其相关。本研究探讨了模拟人的在线搜索策略:模拟者(n = 39)在接受评估(包括进行连续表现测试(CPT))之前搜索了相关信息。对他们的搜索策略进行了分析,并将他们的表现与多动症患者(36 人)和健康对照组(38 人)的表现进行了比较:结果:大多数模拟者都访问了提供有关测试的书面和视频信息的高风险网站。60%的模拟者访问了谷歌学术网站,其中大部分是三年级学生。这些学生也更容易被发现是模拟者。常见的策略包括按照典型的多动症症状进行CPT测试,避免出现异常和刻板的症状:模拟者可以访问包含关键测试数据的在线信息。高等教育可以提高学术研究的能力,同时降低令人信服地假装障碍的能力。虽然还需要更多的研究来考察教练对神经心理测试的影响,但我们应该认识到许多网站对测试安全所带来的风险,并采取措施(包括测试出版商所采取的措施)将这种风险降到最低。
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引用次数: 0
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