A search for new otomycotic species and their sensitivity to different antifungals.

Abstract

Background: Otomycosis is a common ear problem in countries with hot and humid climate. Emergence of new fungal species is a possibility particularly in patients with chronic illness or who receives antibiotics either systemically or topically.

Aim: To identify the otomycotic species, which are responsible for developing the otomycosis.

Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in 63 patients who were clinically diagnosed with otomycosis. Swabs were taken from the fungal debris to identify the causative agent and to determine the effective antifungals against it.

Results: Aspergillus species were the most common agents and were found in 47 patients (74.6%), represented by A. fumigatus (36.5%), A. niger (27%), A. flavus (6.5%), and A. terreus (4.8%). Ketoconazole (90%) and miconazole (76%) were the most effective antifungals against the species obtained from cultures, whereas fluconazole was the least effective.

Conclusions: Although there is no change in the mycology of otomycosis, there is still a significant variability in the isolated species and in their sensitivity to antifungal drugs. Ketoconazole exhibited broad spectrum effect against fungal isolates in this study, whereas fluconazole was the least efficacious.