{"title":"Unconventional Catalytic Approaches to Ammonia Synthesis.","authors":"Patrick M Barboun, Jason C Hicks","doi":"10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092319-080240","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ammonia is a critically important industrial chemical and is largely responsible for sustaining the growing global population. To provide ammonia to underdeveloped regions and/or regions far from industrial production hubs, modular systems have been targeted and often involve unconventional production methodologies. These novel approaches for ammonia production can tap renewable resources at smaller scales located at the point of use, while decreasing the CO<sub>2</sub> footprint. Plasma-assisted catalysis and electrochemical ammonia synthesis have promise owing to their atmospheric pressure and low-temperature operation conditions and the ability to construct units at scales desired for modularization. Fundamental and applied studies are underway to assess these processes, although many unknowns remain. In this review, we discuss recent developments and opportunities for unconventional ammonia synthesis with a focus on plasma-stimulated systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8234,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","volume":"11 ","pages":"503-521"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6000,"publicationDate":"2020-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092319-080240","citationCount":"16","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annual review of chemical and biomolecular engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092319-080240","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/3/10 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Abstract
Ammonia is a critically important industrial chemical and is largely responsible for sustaining the growing global population. To provide ammonia to underdeveloped regions and/or regions far from industrial production hubs, modular systems have been targeted and often involve unconventional production methodologies. These novel approaches for ammonia production can tap renewable resources at smaller scales located at the point of use, while decreasing the CO2 footprint. Plasma-assisted catalysis and electrochemical ammonia synthesis have promise owing to their atmospheric pressure and low-temperature operation conditions and the ability to construct units at scales desired for modularization. Fundamental and applied studies are underway to assess these processes, although many unknowns remain. In this review, we discuss recent developments and opportunities for unconventional ammonia synthesis with a focus on plasma-stimulated systems.
期刊介绍:
The Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering aims to provide a perspective on the broad field of chemical (and related) engineering. The journal draws from disciplines as diverse as biology, physics, and engineering, with development of chemical products and processes as the unifying theme.