Purinergic Receptors of the Central Nervous System: Biology, PET Ligands, and Their Applications.

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 Medicine Molecular Imaging Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1177/1536012120927609
Hamideh Zarrinmayeh, Paul R Territo
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引用次数: 34

Abstract

Purinergic receptors play important roles in central nervous system (CNS). These receptors are involved in cellular neuroinflammatory responses that regulate functions of neurons, microglial and astrocytes. Based on their endogenous ligands, purinergic receptors are classified into P1 or adenosine, P2X and P2Y receptors. During brain injury or under pathological conditions, rapid diffusion of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or uridine triphosphate (UTP) from the damaged cells, promote microglial activation that result in the changes in expression of several of these receptors in the brain. Imaging of the purinergic receptors with selective Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radioligands has advanced our understanding of the functional roles of some of these receptors in healthy and diseased brains. In this review, we have accumulated a list of currently available PET radioligands of the purinergic receptors that are used to elucidate the receptor functions and participations in CNS disorders. We have also reviewed receptors lacking radiotracer, laying the foundation for future discoveries of novel PET radioligands to reveal these receptors roles in CNS disorders.

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中枢神经系统嘌呤能受体:生物学、PET配体及其应用。
嘌呤能受体在中枢神经系统中起着重要的作用。这些受体参与调节神经元、小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞功能的细胞神经炎症反应。嘌呤能受体根据其内源性配体分为P1或腺苷受体、P2X受体和P2Y受体。在脑损伤或病理状态下,细胞外三磷酸腺苷(ATP)或三磷酸尿苷(UTP)从受损细胞中快速扩散,促进小胶质细胞的激活,导致大脑中几种受体的表达改变。选择性正电子发射断层扫描(PET)放射配体对嘌呤能受体的成像提高了我们对这些受体在健康和患病大脑中的功能作用的理解。在这篇综述中,我们积累了一份目前可用的嘌呤能受体的PET放射配体列表,这些配体用于阐明受体的功能和参与中枢神经系统疾病。我们也回顾了缺乏放射性示踪剂的受体,为未来发现新的PET放射性配体以揭示这些受体在中枢神经系统疾病中的作用奠定了基础。
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来源期刊
Molecular Imaging
Molecular Imaging 生物-核医学
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
3.60%
发文量
21
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Molecular Imaging is a peer-reviewed, open access journal highlighting the breadth of molecular imaging research from basic science to preclinical studies to human applications. This serves both the scientific and clinical communities by disseminating novel results and concepts relevant to the biological study of normal and disease processes in both basic and translational studies ranging from mice to humans.
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