Simultaneous Assessment of Circadian Rhythms and Sleep in Mice Using Passive Infrared Sensors: A User's Guide

Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Current protocols in mouse biology Pub Date : 2020-08-31 DOI:10.1002/cpmo.81

Laurence A. Brown, Gareth T. Banks, Neil Horner, Sian L. Wilcox, Patrick M. Nolan, Stuart N. Peirson

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The 24-hr cycle of activity and sleep provides perhaps the most familiar example of circadian rhythms. In mammals, circadian activity rhythms are generated by a master biological clock located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). This clock is synchronized (entrained) to the external light environment via light input from retinal photoreceptors. However, sleep is not a simple circadian output and also is regulated by a homeostatic process whereby extended wakefulness increases the need for subsequent sleep. As such, the amount and distribution of sleep depends upon the interaction between both circadian and homeostatic processes. Moreover, the study of circadian activity and sleep is not confined only to these specialized fields. Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption is common in many conditions, ranging from neurological and metabolic disorders to aging. Such disruption is associated with a range of negative consequences including cognitive impairment and mood disorders, as well as immune and metabolic dysfunction. As circadian activity and sleep are hallmarks of normal healthy physiology, they also provide valuable welfare indicators. However, traditional methods for the monitoring of circadian rhythms and sleep in mice can require separate specialized resources as well as significant expertise. Here, we outline a low-cost, non-invasive, and open-source method for the simultaneous assessment of circadian activity and sleep in mice. This protocol describes both the assembly of the hardware used and the capture and analysis of data without the need for expertise in electronics or data processing. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol: Assembly of a PIR system for basic activity and sleep recordings

Alternate Protocol: Data collection using Raspberry Pi

Support Protocol: Circadian analysis using PIR sensors

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使用被动红外传感器同时评估小鼠的昼夜节律和睡眠:用户指南

24小时的活动和睡眠周期可能是昼夜节律最熟悉的例子。在哺乳动物中，昼夜节律是由位于下丘脑视交叉上核(SCN)的主生物钟产生的。这个时钟通过来自视网膜感光器的光输入与外部光环境同步(携带)。然而，睡眠并不是一个简单的昼夜节律输出，它还受到一个体内平衡过程的调节，因此长时间的清醒会增加对后续睡眠的需求。因此，睡眠的数量和分布取决于昼夜节律和体内平衡过程之间的相互作用。此外，昼夜节律活动和睡眠的研究不仅局限于这些专业领域。睡眠和昼夜节律紊乱在许多情况下都很常见，从神经系统和代谢紊乱到衰老。这种破坏与一系列负面后果有关，包括认知障碍和情绪障碍，以及免疫和代谢功能障碍。由于昼夜活动和睡眠是正常健康生理的标志，它们也提供了有价值的福利指标。然而，监测小鼠昼夜节律和睡眠的传统方法可能需要单独的专门资源以及大量的专业知识。在这里，我们概述了一种低成本、非侵入性和开源的方法，用于同时评估小鼠的昼夜活动和睡眠。该协议描述了所使用硬件的组装和数据的捕获和分析，而不需要电子或数据处理方面的专业知识。©2020 Wiley Periodicals llc .基本协议:用于基本活动和睡眠记录的PIR系统的组装备用协议:使用Raspberry pissupport协议:使用PIR传感器进行昼夜节律分析

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Current protocols in mouse biology Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

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期刊介绍： Sound and reproducible laboratory methods are the foundation of scientific discovery. Yet, all too often, nuances that are critical for an experiment''s success are not captured in the primary literature but exist only as part of a lab''s oral tradition. The aim of Current Protocols in Mouse Biology is to provide the clearest, most detailed and reliable step-by-step instructions for protocols involving the use of mice in biomedical research. Written by experts in the field and extensively edited to our exacting standards, the protocols include all of the information necessary to complete an experiment in the laboratory—introduction, materials lists with supplier information, detailed step-by-step procedures with helpful annotations, recipes for reagents and solutions, illustrative figures and information-packed tables. Each article also provides invaluable discussions of background information, applications of the methods, important assumptions, key parameters, time considerations, and tips to help avoid common pitfalls and troubleshoot experiments. Furthermore, Current Protocols in Mouse Biology content is thoughtfully organized by topic for optimal usage and to maximize contextual knowledge. Quarterly issues allow Current Protocols to constantly evolve to keep pace with the newest discoveries and developments. Current Protocols in Mouse Biology brings together resources in mouse biology and genetics and provides a mouse protocol resource that covers all aspects of mouse biology. Current Protocols in Mouse Biology also permits optimization of mouse model usage, which is significantly impacted by both cost and ethical constraints. Optimal and standardized mouse protocols ultimately reduce experimental variability and reduce the number of animals used in mouse experiments.