Child Sexual Abuse as a Unique Risk Factor for the Development of Psychopathology: The Compounded Convergence of Mechanisms.

IF 17.8 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY Annual Review of Clinical Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-07 Epub Date: 2021-01-20 DOI:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-112621

Jennie G Noll

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引用次数: 42

Abstract

Meta-analytic, population cohort, prospective, and clinical studies provide systematic evidence that child sexual abuse accounts for unique variation in several deleterious outcomes. There is strong evidence for psychiatric disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder and mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and mixed evidence for personality disorders. Evaluation of sex-specific outcomes shows strong evidence for teenage childbearing, sexual revictimization, and sexual dysfunction and mixed evidence for heightened sexual behaviors and sexual offending. This review further demonstrates not only that survivors suffer the noxious impact of traumatic sexualization but that additional transdiagnostic mechanisms, including the biological embedding of stress, emotion dysregulation, avoidance, and insecure attachment, converge to compound risk for deleterious outcomes. A road map to enhance the rigor of future research is outlined, and specific recommendations for evidence-based policy making to boost prevention efforts and increase access to treatment are discussed.

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儿童性虐待作为精神病理学发展的独特风险因素:机制的复合趋同。

荟萃分析、人群队列、前瞻性和临床研究提供了系统的证据，证明儿童性虐待在几种有害结果中具有独特的变异。有强有力的证据表明精神疾病，包括创伤后应激障碍和情绪、焦虑和物质使用障碍，以及人格障碍的混合证据。对特定性别结果的评估显示，青少年生育、性再受害和性功能障碍方面存在强有力的证据，性行为和性侵犯方面存在混合证据。这篇综述进一步表明，幸存者不仅遭受创伤性化的有害影响，而且其他的跨诊断机制，包括压力的生物嵌入，情绪失调，回避和不安全的依恋，汇集到有害结果的复合风险中。概述了加强未来研究严谨性的路线图，并讨论了基于证据的政策制定的具体建议，以促进预防工作和增加获得治疗的机会。

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来源期刊

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 医学-心理学

CiteScore

31.50

自引率

0.50%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Annual Review of Clinical Psychology is a publication that has been available since 2005. It offers comprehensive reviews on significant developments in the field of clinical psychology and psychiatry. The journal covers various aspects including research, theory, and the application of psychological principles to address recognized disorders such as schizophrenia, mood, anxiety, childhood, substance use, cognitive, and personality disorders. Additionally, the articles also touch upon broader issues that cut across the field, such as diagnosis, treatment, social policy, and cross-cultural and legal issues. Recently, the current volume of this journal has transitioned from a gated access model to an open access format through the Annual Reviews' Subscribe to Open program. All articles published in this volume are now available under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), allowing for widespread distribution and use. The journal is also abstracted and indexed in various databases including Scopus, Science Citation Index Expanded, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Academic Search, among others.