[Abundance Dynamic of Oocysts in the Groundwater of Mbankomo, a Sub-urban Area Yaounde: Physico-chemical Factors and Health Risk].

Abstract

To determine the dynamics of dissemination of the different forms of enteric sporozoa in the groundwater of Mbankomo, a study was carried out from August 2018 to July 2019. The physico-chemical analyzes were carried out both in the field and in the hydrobiology and environment laboratory of the University of Yaoundé I. The observation of protozoan oocysts was carried out after application of the Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Physico-chemical analysis showed slightly acidic water (6.32 ± 0.43 UC), with high turbidity (31.30 ± 23.56 mg/l). Biological analysis indicated the presence of protozoan oocysts with an average density of 42 ± 69 oocysts/l of Cryptosporidium spp., 17 ± 34 oocysts/l of Cyclospora cayetanensis, 9 ± 19 oocysts/l of Isospora belli and 6 ± 11 oocysts/l of Sarcocystis spp. The highest concentrations of oocysts were recorded during the rainy season. Statistical tests showed a positive correlation between the densities of oocysts with suspended matters (P < 0.05).