Effects of therapeutic clowning on pain and anxiety during venous blood sampling in Turkey: Randomised controlled trial

IF 1.2 4区医学 Q3 NURSING Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI:10.1111/jspn.12352

Fatma Kurudirek PhD, Duygu Arikan PhD, Arzu Sarialioğlu PhD

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Purpose

The research aim was to investigate the effects of therapeutic clowning on pain and fear during the process of venous blood sampling in children.

Design and Methods

This study was conducted in a randomised controlled trial from January to March 2020. The study population consisted of children from 7 to 12 years of age who came to the research centre for blood sampling. The research sample consisted of 166 children (83 in the intervention group and 83 in the control group) who met the research criteria and came to the research centre on a specific date through probable sampling. For the data collection, a questionnaire form, the Visual Analogue Scale and the Children's Fear Scale were used. Therapeutic clowning was used in this process for the intervention group. There was no intervention for children who were in the control group. The calculation of percentage distribution and means, χ² test, analysis of variance analysis in repeated measures and least significant difference and independent t-test were used to analyse the data.

Results

The results of the research indicated that children in the intervention group had significantly lower pain and fear than children in the control group (p < .001). Therapeutic clowning seems to effectively reduce pain and fear during venous blood sampling for children from 7 to 12 years of age. Our results support using therapeutic clowns which is an inexpensive, safe, and effective method for lowering children's pain and fear during venous blood sampling.

Practice Implications

The use of therapeutic clowns could become the standard of care in blood sampling for children from 7 to 12 years of age in hospitals. Therapeutic clowning, which is an easy-to-use, low-cost and practical method to provide better communication and cooperation with the family and the child, can be used as a complementary therapy in all nursing areas, especially in the field of paediatrics. Nurses could be encouraged to be trained on the use of therapeutic humour based upon a standardised approach and offered guidance on how to apply entertaining methods such as clowns. Therapeutic clowning can be examined in other applications in nursing care in light of these results.

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治疗性小丑对土耳其静脉血取样期间疼痛和焦虑的影响:随机对照试验

目的探讨治疗性小丑对儿童静脉血采血过程中疼痛和恐惧的影响。设计与方法本研究于2020年1月至3月采用随机对照试验进行。研究人群由7至12岁的儿童组成，他们来到研究中心进行血液采样。研究样本包括166名儿童(干预组83名，对照组83名)，他们符合研究标准，并通过可能抽样在特定日期来到研究中心。数据收集采用问卷调查、视觉模拟量表和儿童恐惧量表。干预组在此过程中采用治疗性小丑。对照组的孩子没有进行干预。采用百分比分布和均值计算、χ2检验、重复测量方差分析、最小显著性差异分析和独立t检验对资料进行分析。结果研究结果显示，干预组儿童的疼痛和恐惧明显低于对照组儿童(p < .001)。治疗性小丑似乎可以有效地减少7至12岁儿童静脉血采样期间的疼痛和恐惧。我们的研究结果支持使用治疗性小丑，这是一种廉价、安全、有效的方法，可以降低儿童静脉血取样时的疼痛和恐惧。使用治疗性小丑可以成为医院7至12岁儿童血液采样的标准护理。治疗性扮小丑是一种易于使用、低成本和实用的方法，可以提供与家庭和孩子更好的沟通和合作，可以作为一种补充治疗在所有护理领域，特别是在儿科领域。可以鼓励护士在使用基于标准化方法的治疗性幽默方面接受培训，并就如何应用小丑等娱乐方法提供指导。根据这些结果，治疗性小丑可以在护理的其他应用中进行检查。

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来源期刊

Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing 医学-护理

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

7.70%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Linking science and practice by publishing evidence-based information on pediatric nursing and answering the question, ''How might this information affect nursing practice?'' The Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing (JSPN) is the international evidence-based practice journal for nurses who specialize in the care of children and families. JSPN bridges the gap between research and practice by publishing peer-reviewed reliable, clinically relevant, and readily applicable evidence. The journal integrates the best evidence with pediatric nurses'' passion for achieving the best outcomes. The journal values interdisciplinary perspectives and publishes a wide variety of peer-reviewed papers on clinically relevant topics.