A Qualitative Study on Noncommunicable Diseases in Waste Pickers in Brazil.

IF 2.4 Q1 Medicine Journal of Health and Pollution Pub Date : 2021-05-28 eCollection Date: 2021-06-01 DOI:10.5696/2156-9614-11.30.210603
Tara Rava Zolnikov, Vanessa Cruvinel, Paola Lopez, Farid Pezeshkian, Lakeithia Stoves-Tucker, Dayani Galato, Carla Pintas Marques
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Abstract

Background: Noncommunicable chronic diseases are associated with multiple risks factors and negative outcomes that are long-lasting and difficult to treat. Some populations may be at greater risk because of their socioeconomic status, lack of healthcare, environment, and poor work and living conditions. Informal waste pickers may experience higher levels of chronic diseases and often do not have access to care to manage symptoms.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to understand the prevalence of chronic diseases in waste pickers, along with perceived associated risks and available treatments.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted, using interviews with 24 waste pickers who worked at Estrutural dumpsite in Brasilia, Brazil which was historically the second largest open-air dumpsite in the world.

Results: Participants believed their commonly experienced chronic diseases were a result of working in the open-air dumpsite. Chronic diseases commonly noted in the interviews included hypertension, chronic pain, respiratory disease, diabetes, and kidney problems. Participants discussed self-medication or prescribed medication used to treat their conditions. Most participants had varying beliefs regarding prevention strategies to reduce disease; some ideas for prevention focused on religion, fate, and God when discussing outcomes related to illnesses. When answering questions regarding ideal working conditions to help prevent diseases, participants responded by expressing a desire for protective gear (e.g. PPE) which could help mitigate hazards associated with the dump.

Conclusions: Recyclable collectors were aware of occupational hazards to which they were exposed and associated noncommunicable chronic diseases but lacked education on the importance of preventive measures and access to healthcare services. The findings of the present study confirm the need to strengthen intersectoral actions to protect and uphold the health rights of this vulnerable population.

Participant consent: Obtained.

Ethics approval: This study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee of the Health School of Brasília University under Opinion n. 1.517.670/2016.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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关于巴西拾荒者非传染性疾病的定性研究。
背景:非传染性慢性病与多种风险因素和负面结果有关,这些因素和结果长期存在且难以治疗。由于社会经济地位、缺乏医疗保健、环境以及恶劣的工作和生活条件,一些人群可能面临更大的风险。非正规拾荒者可能会罹患更多慢性疾病,而且往往无法获得护理来控制症状:本研究旨在了解拾荒者中慢性病的发病率、相关风险意识和现有治疗方法:这项定性研究采访了 24 名在巴西巴西利亚 Estrutural 垃圾场工作的拾荒者,该垃圾场在历史上曾是世界第二大露天垃圾场:结果:参与者认为,他们常见的慢性病是在露天垃圾场工作造成的。访谈中常见的慢性病包括高血压、慢性疼痛、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病和肾脏问题。参与者讨论了用于治疗疾病的自我药物治疗或处方药物治疗。大多数参与者对减少疾病的预防策略有不同的看法;在讨论与疾病有关的结果时,一些预防观念侧重于宗教、命运和上帝。在回答有关有助于预防疾病的理想工作条件的问题时,参与者表示希望有防护装备(如个人防护设备),这有助于减轻与垃圾场有关的危害:可回收垃圾的收集者了解他们所接触的职业危害以及相关的非传染性慢性疾病,但缺乏关于预防措施重要性和获得医疗保健服务的教育。本研究的结果证实,有必要加强跨部门行动,以保护和维护这一弱势群体的健康权利:伦理批准本研究获得了巴西利亚大学卫生学院研究与伦理委员会的批准,意见编号为 1.517.670/2016:作者声明不存在经济利益冲突。
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来源期刊
Journal of Health and Pollution
Journal of Health and Pollution Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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审稿时长
18 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Health and Pollution (JH&P) was initiated with funding from the European Union and World Bank and continues to be a Platinum Open Access Journal. There are no publication or viewing charges. That is, there are no charges to readers or authors. Upon peer-review and acceptance, all articles are made available online. The high-ranking editorial board is comprised of active members who participate in JH&P submissions and editorial policies. The Journal of Health and Pollution welcomes manuscripts based on original research as well as findings from re-interpretation and examination of existing data. JH&P focuses on point source pollution, related health impacts, environmental control and remediation technology. JH&P also has an interest in ambient and indoor pollution. Pollutants of particular interest include heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), air particulates (PM10 and PM2.5), and other severe and persistent toxins. JH&P emphasizes work relating directly to low and middle-income countries, however relevant work relating to high-income countries will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
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