Cocaine Increases Sensorimotor Gating and is Related to Psychopathy.

IF 1.5 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY Journal of Dual Diagnosis Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-15 DOI:10.1080/15504263.2021.1962205

Iván Echeverria, Ana Benito, Alejandro Fuertes-Saiz, María Luisa Graña, Isabel Aleixandre, Gonzalo Haro

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Objective: Prepulse inhibition regulates sensorimotor gating and is a marker of vulnerability to certain disorders. We compared prepulse inhibition, psychopathy, and sensitivity to punishment and reward in patients with cocaine-related disorder without psychiatric comorbidities and a control group.

Methods: This was an observational study of a sample of 22 male cases with cocaine-related disorder and 22 healthy male controls. We used the Psychiatric Research Interview for Substance and Mental Disorders and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; the Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire; and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale and Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. Prepulse inhibition was evaluated at 30, 60, and 120 ms.

Results: Cocaine-related disorder group had a higher overall score (t = 12.556, p = .001) and primary psychopathy score (t = 3.750, p = .001) on Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, a higher score on both Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised factors, sensitivity to rewards (t = 3.076, p = .005) and prepulse inhibition at 30 ms (t = 2.859, p = .008).

Conclusions: Cocaine use in patients without psychiatric comorbidities seems to increase sensorimotor gating. Therefore, these patients likely have an increased sensitivity to rewards, causing them to focus more on cocaine-boosting stimuli, thus explaining the psychopathic traits of these individuals.

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可卡因增加感觉运动门控并与精神病有关。

目的:脉冲前抑制调节感觉运动门控，是对某些疾病易感性的标志。我们比较了无精神合并症的可卡因相关障碍患者和对照组的脉冲前抑制、精神病和对奖惩的敏感性。方法:这是一项观察性研究，样本为22例男性可卡因相关障碍病例和22例健康男性对照。我们使用了物质与精神障碍精神病学研究访谈和迷你国际神经精神病学访谈;惩罚敏感性问卷和奖励敏感性问卷;以及Levenson自我报告精神病量表和Hare精神病检查表-修订版。结果:可卡因相关障碍组在30ms、60ms和120ms时具有较高的Levenson自我报告精神病量表总分(t = 12.556, p = .001)和原发性精神病评分(t = 3.750, p = .001)，在30ms时具有较高的Hare精神病量表修正因子、对奖励的敏感性(t = 3.076, p = .005)和脉冲前抑制(t = 2.859, p = .008)。结论:无精神合并症的患者使用可卡因似乎会增加感觉运动门控。因此，这些患者可能对奖励更敏感，导致他们更多地关注可卡因刺激，从而解释了这些人的精神病特征。

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来源期刊

Journal of Dual Diagnosis Multiple-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

13.60%

发文量

期刊介绍： Journal of Dual Diagnosis is a quarterly, international publication that focuses on the full spectrum of complexities regarding dual diagnosis. The co-occurrence of mental health and substance use disorders, or “dual diagnosis,” is one of the quintessential issues in behavioral health. Why do such high rates of co-occurrence exist? What does it tell us about risk profiles? How do these linked disorders affect people, their families, and the communities in which they live? What are the natural paths to recovery? What specific treatments are most helpful and how can new ones be developed? How can we enhance the implementation of evidence-based practices at clinical, administrative, and policy levels? How can we help clients to learn active recovery skills and adopt needed supports, clinicians to master new interventions, programs to implement effective services, and communities to foster healthy adjustment? The Journal addresses each of these perplexing challenges.