Pub Date : 2024-08-24DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2369517
Luke Sheridan Rains, Laura Middleton-Curran, Oliver Mason, Nicola Morant, Sonia Johnson
Objectives: Cannabis is the most widely used substance among people with recent onset psychosis, but it can have significant negative consequences for long term wellbeing in this cohort. We explored the perspectives of people with recent onset psychosis who used cannabis on their motivations for quitting, their experiences of trying to do so, and their views of the support they had received and the strategies that they had tried. Methods: Twenty one-to-one qualitative interviews were conducted with Early Intervention in Psychosis service users in England who had participated in the CIRCLE trial. Purposive sampling was used to recruit a mix of demographic, cannabis use status, and other characteristics. Results: Quitting cannabis is often very challenging for people and can require making substantial changes in their lives, including to their social relationships, living arrangements, or pathways through work or education. Participants reported wanting help, but often experienced support from mental health services as insubstantial and poorly tailored. Support from peers with relevant lived-experience, where available, was highly valued. Common reasons for quitting included its impact on key life goals or engaging with hobbies, finances, mental health, incompatibility with self-image, and negative use expectancies of intoxication. Concerns regarding mental health were primarily related to psychotic illness, including fear of exacerbating symptoms or experiencing future hospital admissions. Discussion: It is currently unclear how best to support people in this cohort. Interventions that provide support from people with relevant lived experience may be more valued and more clinically effective than current offerings.
目的:大麻是新近发病的精神病患者中使用最广泛的药物,但它会对这一群体的长期健康产生严重的负面影响。我们从使用大麻的新近发病的精神病患者的角度,探讨了他们的戒毒动机、他们尝试戒毒的经历,以及他们对所获得的支持和所尝试的策略的看法。访谈方法我们对英格兰参与 CIRCLE 试验的精神病早期干预服务使用者进行了 20 次一对一定性访谈。访谈采用了有目的的抽样方法,以招募具有不同人口统计学特征、大麻使用状况和其他特征的人员。结果:戒除大麻对人们来说通常非常具有挑战性,可能需要对他们的生活做出重大改变,包括改变他们的社会关系、生活安排或工作或教育途径。参与者表示希望得到帮助,但心理健康服务机构提供的支持往往不够充实且针对性不强。在有相关生活经验的情况下,来自同龄人的支持受到高度重视。戒烟的常见原因包括戒烟对主要生活目标或兴趣爱好的影响、经济、心理健康、与自我形象不符以及对醉酒的负面使用预期。对心理健康的担忧主要与精神病有关,包括担心症状加重或将来入院治疗。讨论:目前尚不清楚如何为这一群体提供最好的支持。与目前的干预措施相比,由具有相关生活经验的人提供支持的干预措施可能更有价值,临床效果也更好。
{"title":"The Whys and Wherefores of Reducing Cannabis Use in Early Psychosis: A Qualitative Study of Service Users<i>'</i> Experiences of Quitting and the Support.","authors":"Luke Sheridan Rains, Laura Middleton-Curran, Oliver Mason, Nicola Morant, Sonia Johnson","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2369517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2024.2369517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> Cannabis is the most widely used substance among people with recent onset psychosis, but it can have significant negative consequences for long term wellbeing in this cohort. We explored the perspectives of people with recent onset psychosis who used cannabis on their motivations for quitting, their experiences of trying to do so, and their views of the support they had received and the strategies that they had tried. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty one-to-one qualitative interviews were conducted with Early Intervention in Psychosis service users in England who had participated in the CIRCLE trial. Purposive sampling was used to recruit a mix of demographic, cannabis use status, and other characteristics. <b>Results:</b> Quitting cannabis is often very challenging for people and can require making substantial changes in their lives, including to their social relationships, living arrangements, or pathways through work or education. Participants reported wanting help, but often experienced support from mental health services as insubstantial and poorly tailored. Support from peers with relevant lived-experience, where available, was highly valued. Common reasons for quitting included its impact on key life goals or engaging with hobbies, finances, mental health, incompatibility with self-image, and negative use expectancies of intoxication. Concerns regarding mental health were primarily related to psychotic illness, including fear of exacerbating symptoms or experiencing future hospital admissions. <b>Discussion:</b> It is currently unclear how best to support people in this cohort. Interventions that provide support from people with relevant lived experience may be more valued and more clinically effective than current offerings.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-29DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2378874
Camille Lefebvre-Durel, Alix Morel, Alexandra Dereux, Bruno Etain, Virgile Clergue Duval, Florence Vorspan
Objectives: Anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as cognitive dysfunctions, improve with abstinence in individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD), but less is known about psychotic features. The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychosis proneness in a sample of individuals with severe AUD and potential changes after alcohol withdrawal.
Method: An observational study was conducted, assessing prospectively Peter's Delusional Inventory scale (PDI); anxiety and depression symptoms by MADRS and cognitive functioning by the MoCA at entry in daycare hospital (D0) and after 30 days (D30). Individuals with schizophrenia, chronic delusional disorder and bipolar disorder were excluded. Wilcoxon tests were used to evaluate the evolution between D0 and D30, and linear regressions were conducted to test the association between delta PDI and the variables that could be potential confounders.
Results: Forty individuals (72% males) with a mean age of 50 ± 9 years old and AUD evolved for 15 ± 11 years were included. After one month, PDI score decreased significantly (p = .001), and several biological and clinical parameters improved significantly with abstinence or consumption reduction: GGT (p = .003), MoCA (p < .001), MADRS (p = .047).
Conclusion: We observed a decrease in delusional thinking along abstinence and/or consumption reduction. To our knowledge, this is the first research to study psychosis proneness evolution in patients with severe AUD. Replications are required in independent samples with larger sample size.
{"title":"Reduction of Psychosis Proneness in a Daycare Hospital Program for Patients with Severe Alcohol Use Disorder.","authors":"Camille Lefebvre-Durel, Alix Morel, Alexandra Dereux, Bruno Etain, Virgile Clergue Duval, Florence Vorspan","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2378874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2024.2378874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as cognitive dysfunctions, improve with abstinence in individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUD), but less is known about psychotic features. The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychosis proneness in a sample of individuals with severe AUD and potential changes after alcohol withdrawal.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An observational study was conducted, assessing prospectively Peter's Delusional Inventory scale (PDI); anxiety and depression symptoms by MADRS and cognitive functioning by the MoCA at entry in daycare hospital (D0) and after 30 days (D30). Individuals with schizophrenia, chronic delusional disorder and bipolar disorder were excluded. Wilcoxon tests were used to evaluate the evolution between D0 and D30, and linear regressions were conducted to test the association between delta PDI and the variables that could be potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty individuals (72% males) with a mean age of 50 ± 9 years old and AUD evolved for 15 ± 11 years were included. After one month, PDI score decreased significantly (<i>p</i> = .001), and several biological and clinical parameters improved significantly with abstinence or consumption reduction: GGT (<i>p</i> = .003), MoCA (<i>p</i> < .001), MADRS (<i>p</i> = .047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed a decrease in delusional thinking along abstinence and/or consumption reduction. To our knowledge, this is the first research to study psychosis proneness evolution in patients with severe AUD. Replications are required in independent samples with larger sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2377100
Ryan E Lawrence, Adam Bernstein, Chaya Jaffe, Yinjun Zhao, Yuanjia Wang, Terry E Goldberg
Objective: The first objective was to identify common exclusion criteria used in clinical trials. The second objective was to quantify the degree to which these criteria exclude emergency psychiatry patients. Methods: Qualitative Content Analysis was used for the first objective, identifying common exclusion criteria used in recent high-impact substance use clinical trials. A retrospective record review was used for the second objective, which examined the frequency of these exclusion criteria in a 1-month sample of adults receiving psychiatric evaluation in an emergency department. Results: Most trials had exclusions for co-occurring psychiatric problems (76.6%), medical problems (74.0%), prior or current treatment (72.7%), motivation for change (61.1%), pregnancy or lactation (57.1%), or using other specified substances of abuse (54.6%). In the clinical sample, exclusions for co-occurring psychiatric problems would make 94.7% of patients ineligible. Other exclusions had a combined effect of making 76% of patients ineligible. Conclusions: Clinical trials using typical exclusion criteria exclude nearly all emergency psychiatry patients with substance use problems.
{"title":"Eligibility for Substance Use Clinical Trials Among Emergency Psychiatry Patients: The Impact of Exclusion Criteria.","authors":"Ryan E Lawrence, Adam Bernstein, Chaya Jaffe, Yinjun Zhao, Yuanjia Wang, Terry E Goldberg","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2377100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2024.2377100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> The first objective was to identify common exclusion criteria used in clinical trials. The second objective was to quantify the degree to which these criteria exclude emergency psychiatry patients. <b>Methods:</b> Qualitative Content Analysis was used for the first objective, identifying common exclusion criteria used in recent high-impact substance use clinical trials. A retrospective record review was used for the second objective, which examined the frequency of these exclusion criteria in a 1-month sample of adults receiving psychiatric evaluation in an emergency department. <b>Results:</b> Most trials had exclusions for co-occurring psychiatric problems (76.6%), medical problems (74.0%), prior or current treatment (72.7%), motivation for change (61.1%), pregnancy or lactation (57.1%), or using other specified substances of abuse (54.6%). In the clinical sample, exclusions for co-occurring psychiatric problems would make 94.7% of patients ineligible. Other exclusions had a combined effect of making 76% of patients ineligible. <b>Conclusions:</b> Clinical trials using typical exclusion criteria exclude nearly all emergency psychiatry patients with substance use problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141621197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-05DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2341092
Regine Bakken, Jūratė Š Benth, Halvor Fauske, Lars Lien, Anne S Landheim
Objective: The aim of the study was to identify groups of young adults with distinct longitudinal patterns of use of treatment for substance use disorders and mental health (MH) problems and to investigate potential explanatory factors for different patterns of treatment use over time, including sociodemographic factors.
Methods: The sample consisted of 447 young adults aged 16-29 years who entered long-term residential substance use disorder treatment facilities in Norway from 2011 to 2016. In this study, we obtained data collected by the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway. These data were linked with the electronic health record data of the substance use disorder treatment facilities from which the participants were recruited. Growth mixture modeling was performed. The identified groups were further compared using analysis of variance or χ2 test.
Results: Four groups of participants for total treatment use, substance use disorder treatment use, and MH treatment use were identified. Most participants from the overall sample were classified as members of a group characterized by a low and stable pattern of treatment use over time. A group with a high and stable pattern of treatment use was identified in total and MH treatment use. The proportion of participants with higher levels of substance use disorder treatment use at the end of the study period than at the beginning was larger (35%) than in the case of MH treatment use (14.2%). Younger age was associated with a decreasing pattern of MH treatment use and with an increasing pattern of substance use disorder treatment use over time. There were larger proportions of female participants in groups with a stable high use of MH treatment and in groups with an initially increasing trend of substance use disorder treatment use. Findings revealed that most participants across the identified groups were recipients of welfare benefits, had low educational attainment, and were not working.
Conclusions: Results demonstrated significant variation in trajectories of treatment use among young adults with substance use disorder. Differences in treatment use could indicate differences in symptom severity and complexity. In this study, treatment use was associated with socioeconomic factors, sex, and age. Integrative approaches, including interagency and interdisciplinary collaboration, will often be necessary to sufficiently address the multidimensionality of substance use disorder.
{"title":"Individual Trajectories of Specialist Substance Use Disorder and Mental Health Treatment Utilization Among Young Adults With Substance Use Problems: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Regine Bakken, Jūratė Š Benth, Halvor Fauske, Lars Lien, Anne S Landheim","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2341092","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2341092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to identify groups of young adults with distinct longitudinal patterns of use of treatment for substance use disorders and mental health (MH) problems and to investigate potential explanatory factors for different patterns of treatment use over time, including sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of 447 young adults aged 16-29 years who entered long-term residential substance use disorder treatment facilities in Norway from 2011 to 2016. In this study, we obtained data collected by the Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway. These data were linked with the electronic health record data of the substance use disorder treatment facilities from which the participants were recruited. Growth mixture modeling was performed. The identified groups were further compared using analysis of variance or <i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four groups of participants for total treatment use, substance use disorder treatment use, and MH treatment use were identified. Most participants from the overall sample were classified as members of a group characterized by a low and stable pattern of treatment use over time. A group with a high and stable pattern of treatment use was identified in total and MH treatment use. The proportion of participants with higher levels of substance use disorder treatment use at the end of the study period than at the beginning was larger (35%) than in the case of MH treatment use (14.2%). Younger age was associated with a decreasing pattern of MH treatment use and with an increasing pattern of substance use disorder treatment use over time. There were larger proportions of female participants in groups with a stable high use of MH treatment and in groups with an initially increasing trend of substance use disorder treatment use. Findings revealed that most participants across the identified groups were recipients of welfare benefits, had low educational attainment, and were not working.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results demonstrated significant variation in trajectories of treatment use among young adults with substance use disorder. Differences in treatment use could indicate differences in symptom severity and complexity. In this study, treatment use was associated with socioeconomic factors, sex, and age. Integrative approaches, including interagency and interdisciplinary collaboration, will often be necessary to sufficiently address the multidimensionality of substance use disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140854135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2346519
Ilaria Tagliabue, Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Riccardo Borgonovo, Alberto Scalia, Alessandro Ferrè, Matteo Sibilla, Marco Turco, Letizia M Affaticati, Giovanna Crespi, Giovanni Galimberti, Antonios Dakanalis, Fabrizia Colmegna, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici
Objective: To investigate demographic/cinical variables associated to dual diagnosis and the psychological reaction of dual-diagnosis patients to COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Information was collected at the Addiction Service of Monza, Italy. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), a self-report questionnaire measuring the subjective response to a traumatic event, was administered. Univariate analyses and binary logistic regression were performed. IES-R scores were compared between groups defined by qualitative variables through one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA).
Results: 118 outpatients were included, 48.3% with dual diagnosis. Alcohol use disorder and being female were associated to dual diagnosis. IES-R scores were significantly higher in the dual-diagnosis group, especially for personality disorders (PDs). IES-R scores were higher in patients taking treatment for substance use disorder (SUD).
Conclusions: Females and alcohol abusers were at-risk subjects for dual diagnosis. Patients with SUD and PDs may benefit from additional support, especially when traumatic life events occur.
{"title":"Which Factors Are Associated With Comorbid Psychiatric Conditions in Patients Affected by Substance Use Disorders? The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dual-Diagnosis Subjects.","authors":"Ilaria Tagliabue, Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Riccardo Borgonovo, Alberto Scalia, Alessandro Ferrè, Matteo Sibilla, Marco Turco, Letizia M Affaticati, Giovanna Crespi, Giovanni Galimberti, Antonios Dakanalis, Fabrizia Colmegna, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2346519","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2346519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate demographic/cinical variables associated to dual diagnosis and the psychological reaction of dual-diagnosis patients to COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Information was collected at the Addiction Service of Monza, Italy. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), a self-report questionnaire measuring the subjective response to a traumatic event, was administered. Univariate analyses and binary logistic regression were performed. IES-R scores were compared between groups defined by qualitative variables through one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>118 outpatients were included, 48.3% with dual diagnosis. Alcohol use disorder and being female were associated to dual diagnosis. IES-R scores were significantly higher in the dual-diagnosis group, especially for personality disorders (PDs). IES-R scores were higher in patients taking treatment for substance use disorder (SUD).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Females and alcohol abusers were at-risk subjects for dual diagnosis. Patients with SUD and PDs may benefit from additional support, especially when traumatic life events occur.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04694482.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140904935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-05-06DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2348105
Quyen Q Tiet, Laila Davis, Craig Rosen, Sonya B Norman, Yani E Leyva, Heather Duong
Objective: Substance use disorders (SUDs) commonly co-occur with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Understanding PTSD clinics that serve higher percentages of patients with PTSD/SUD is crucial for improving SUD care in clinics with lower percentages of such patients. This study examined the differences between Veterans Affairs (VA) PTSD treatment sites with higher percentages ("High%") and lower percentages ("Low%") of patients with PTSD/SUD as well as exploring the roles of the PTSD/SUD specialists.
Methods: The study collected quantitative and qualitative data from 18 clinic directors and 21 specialists from 33 VA PTSD specialty outpatient clinics from 2014 to 2016. The clinics were chosen from the top and bottom quartiles based on two criteria: (1) the percentage of patients with PTSD/SUD and (2) the percentage of patients with PTSD/SUD who completed at least three SUD visits within the first month of their SUD treatment. The interviews sought to identify distinguishing characteristics between the High% and Low% clinics in terms of treatment access and practices for patients with PTSD/SUD.
Results: More of the High% clinics reported providing evidence-based, patient-centered, and integrated/concurrent PTSD/SUD treatment and had staff members with more up-to-date knowledge and skills than the Low% clinics. We also found the roles of the PTSD/SUD specialists were demanding and confusing, leading to high turnover rates.
Conclusions: The two groups of PTSD clinics differed in three key factors: Resources, knowledge and skills of staff members, and local policies. Future research should focus on addressing resource limitations, knowledge gaps, and local policy disparities in Low% clinics. By emulating the practices of High% clinics, VA PTSD clinics can improve SUD care for patients with PTSD/SUD.
目的:药物使用障碍(SUD)通常与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)并发。了解为创伤后应激障碍/SUD 患者提供服务比例较高的创伤后应激障碍诊所,对于改善此类患者比例较低的诊所的 SUD 治疗至关重要。本研究考察了退伍军人事务局(VA)创伤后应激障碍治疗机构中创伤后应激障碍/SUD 患者比例较高("高比例")和较低("低比例")的差异,并探讨了创伤后应激障碍/SUD 专家的作用。研究方法:研究收集了 2014 年至 2016 年期间来自 33 家退伍军人事务部创伤后应激障碍专科门诊的 18 名诊所主任和 21 名专科医生的定量和定性数据。这些诊所是根据两个标准从最高和最低四分位数中选出的:(1)创伤后应激障碍/SUD 患者的百分比;(2)创伤后应激障碍/SUD 患者在接受 SUD 治疗的第一个月内完成至少三次 SUD 就诊的百分比。访谈旨在确定高百分比诊所和低百分比诊所在创伤后应激障碍/SUD 患者的治疗途径和实践方面的显著特点。结果:与 Low% 诊所相比,更多的 High% 诊所表示提供了以证据为基础、以患者为中心、综合/同步的创伤后应激障碍/SUD 治疗,并且其工作人员拥有更多的最新知识和技能。我们还发现,创伤后应激障碍/SUD 专家的职责要求很高,而且令人困惑,导致人员流动率很高。结论:两组创伤后应激障碍诊所在三个关键因素上存在差异:资源、工作人员的知识和技能以及当地政策。未来的研究应侧重于解决低百分比诊所的资源限制、知识差距和地方政策差异。通过效仿 High% 诊所的做法,退伍军人创伤后应激障碍诊所可以改善创伤后应激障碍/SUD 患者的 SUD 治疗。
{"title":"Factors Associated With Increased Substance Use Disorder Care in VA PTSD Specialty Outpatient Treatment.","authors":"Quyen Q Tiet, Laila Davis, Craig Rosen, Sonya B Norman, Yani E Leyva, Heather Duong","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2348105","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2348105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Substance use disorders (SUDs) commonly co-occur with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Understanding PTSD clinics that serve higher percentages of patients with PTSD/SUD is crucial for improving SUD care in clinics with lower percentages of such patients. This study examined the differences between Veterans Affairs (VA) PTSD treatment sites with higher percentages (\"High%\") and lower percentages (\"Low%\") of patients with PTSD/SUD as well as exploring the roles of the PTSD/SUD specialists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study collected quantitative and qualitative data from 18 clinic directors and 21 specialists from 33 VA PTSD specialty outpatient clinics from 2014 to 2016. The clinics were chosen from the top and bottom quartiles based on two criteria: (1) the percentage of patients with PTSD/SUD and (2) the percentage of patients with PTSD/SUD who completed at least three SUD visits within the first month of their SUD treatment. The interviews sought to identify distinguishing characteristics between the High% and Low% clinics in terms of treatment access and practices for patients with PTSD/SUD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>More of the High% clinics reported providing evidence-based, patient-centered, and integrated/concurrent PTSD/SUD treatment and had staff members with more up-to-date knowledge and skills than the Low% clinics. We also found the roles of the PTSD/SUD specialists were demanding and confusing, leading to high turnover rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The two groups of PTSD clinics differed in three key factors: Resources, knowledge and skills of staff members, and local policies. Future research should focus on addressing resource limitations, knowledge gaps, and local policy disparities in Low% clinics. By emulating the practices of High% clinics, VA PTSD clinics can improve SUD care for patients with PTSD/SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140852837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2323976
Cinta Mancheño-Velasco, Marta Narváez-Camargo, Daniel Dacosta-Sánchez, Manuel Sánchez-García, Óscar M Lozano
Objective: The aim of this work was to examine the profile and treatment outcomes of patients with dual pathology depending on whether the patients were attending addiction centers or are being treated in a coordinated model by mental health services.
Methods: Data from 7225 dual diagnosis patients were used, of whom 2417 (33.5%) received treatment in the mental health coordinated modality. Clinical information was taken from the patients' electronic health record.
Results: Differences were found in patients' sociodemographic and comorbidity profiles according to treatment modality. In general, coordinated care yielded favorable outcomes (higher attendance and lower dropout rates but no differences in retention). The logistic regression analysis identified predictors of patient profiles in coordinated care, emphasizing having a severe mental health disorder (OR = 3.878, 95% CI [3.443, 4.368]; p = .000), being referred by social/health services, or having retired status. Main differences were observed according to the comorbid diagnosis presented, particularly in cases in which the patient had impulse control, hyperkinetic, or cluster C personality disorder.
Conclusions: While therapeutic outcomes are influenced by associated comorbidities, the disorders prognosis can be favorable with appropriate treatment. Furthermore, analysis of differences according to treatment modality allows for predicting the type of patient who will receive a particular service, which enables the development of tailored treatments.
目的:这项工作旨在研究双重病理患者的概况和治疗效果,具体取决于患者是在戒毒中心接受治疗,还是在精神健康服务机构的协调模式下接受治疗。研究方法使用了 7225 名双重诊断患者的数据,其中 2417 人(33.5%)接受了精神健康协调模式的治疗。临床信息来自患者的电子健康记录。结果显示根据治疗方式的不同,患者的社会人口学和合并症概况也有所不同。总体而言,协调护理产生了良好的效果(出勤率更高,辍学率更低,但保留率没有差异)。逻辑回归分析确定了协调护理中患者概况的预测因素,强调了患有严重精神疾病(OR = 3.878,95% CI [3.443,4.368];p = .000)、由社会/卫生服务机构转介或退休身份。根据合并诊断的不同,观察到了主要的差异,尤其是在患者患有冲动控制障碍、多动障碍或 C 群人格障碍的情况下。结论:虽然治疗效果会受到相关合并症的影响,但如果治疗得当,失调症的预后还是不错的。此外,通过分析治疗方式的差异,可以预测接受特定服务的患者类型,从而制定有针对性的治疗方案。
{"title":"Examining Profiles and Treatment Outcomes in Dual Diagnosis: Comparison of Coordinated Treatment With Mental Health Services Versus Addiction Center Alone. A Real-World Data Analysis.","authors":"Cinta Mancheño-Velasco, Marta Narváez-Camargo, Daniel Dacosta-Sánchez, Manuel Sánchez-García, Óscar M Lozano","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2323976","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2323976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this work was to examine the profile and treatment outcomes of patients with dual pathology depending on whether the patients were attending addiction centers or are being treated in a coordinated model by mental health services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 7225 dual diagnosis patients were used, of whom 2417 (33.5%) received treatment in the mental health coordinated modality. Clinical information was taken from the patients' electronic health record.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences were found in patients' sociodemographic and comorbidity profiles according to treatment modality. In general, coordinated care yielded favorable outcomes (higher attendance and lower dropout rates but no differences in retention). The logistic regression analysis identified predictors of patient profiles in coordinated care, emphasizing having a severe mental health disorder (OR = 3.878, 95% CI [3.443, 4.368]; <i>p</i> = .000), being referred by social/health services, or having retired status. Main differences were observed according to the comorbid diagnosis presented, particularly in cases in which the patient had impulse control, hyperkinetic, or cluster C personality disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While therapeutic outcomes are influenced by associated comorbidities, the disorders prognosis can be favorable with appropriate treatment. Furthermore, analysis of differences according to treatment modality allows for predicting the type of patient who will receive a particular service, which enables the development of tailored treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140120962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2370411
Esther Hernández Fantin, Daniela Benzano, Felipe Ornell, Andressa Goldman Ruwel, Lisia von Diemen, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler, Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
Objective: Our aim was to analyze the association between criminal behavior and impulsivity in individuals with drug addiction and investigate whether impulsiveness mediates the relationship between drug use severity and legal problems.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 773 men diagnosed with addiction (295 alcohol users and 478 users of crack/polysubstance) while undergoing addiction treatment. The BIS-11 and ASI-6 were applied to assess impulsivity, criminal behavior, and drug use.
Results: The prevalence of criminal behavior was 41.7% (n = 123) in alcohol users and 64.9% (n = 310) in users of crack/polysubstance. Earlier use of different substances and higher impulsivity scores were observed in individuals with criminal history. Mediation analyses revealed that impulsiveness acts as a mediator factor between substance use and criminal behavior, enhancing the severity of legal problems.
Conclusion: Our findings can help in deciding on tailored treatment strategies, focusing not only on substance use, but also on the prevention of social problems, criminality, and impulsivity.
{"title":"Implications of Impulsivity on Criminal Behavior in Individuals With Substance Use Disorder.","authors":"Esther Hernández Fantin, Daniela Benzano, Felipe Ornell, Andressa Goldman Ruwel, Lisia von Diemen, Felix Henrique Paim Kessler, Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2370411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2024.2370411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our aim was to analyze the association between criminal behavior and impulsivity in individuals with drug addiction and investigate whether impulsiveness mediates the relationship between drug use severity and legal problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 773 men diagnosed with addiction (295 alcohol users and 478 users of crack/polysubstance) while undergoing addiction treatment. The BIS-11 and ASI-6 were applied to assess impulsivity, criminal behavior, and drug use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of criminal behavior was 41.7% (<i>n</i> = 123) in alcohol users and 64.9% (<i>n</i> = 310) in users of crack/polysubstance. Earlier use of different substances and higher impulsivity scores were observed in individuals with criminal history. Mediation analyses revealed that impulsiveness acts as a mediator factor between substance use and criminal behavior, enhancing the severity of legal problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings can help in deciding on tailored treatment strategies, focusing not only on substance use, but also on the prevention of social problems, criminality, and impulsivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141459811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2351449
Majed Ramadan, Yara F Batwa
Objective: This study aimed to examine the potential changes in substance use disorder (SUD) admission rates before and after the lockdown in a major addiction center in Saudi Arabia. Method: This retrospective cohort study extracted data from Al-Amal Hospital Electronic Health Record in the city of Dammam, Eastern region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 2,426 cases included in the analysis for patients who received services from the SUD treatment programs from 1/1/2015 to 31/12/2021. Results: Before the pandemic, there was a consistent increase in the admission rates for patients with substance use disorder. The highest proportion of increase were among unemployed, young, newly admitted patients. During lockdown, there was nearly a 70% reduction in SUDs-related admission rate. The age group 18-25 was seven-times more likely to be admitted for SUD after the lockdown. Amphetamine-related admissions were two times more likely to be admitted after the lockdown (Odds ratio (OR) 2.04; confidence interval (CI) 95%[1.64, 2.54]). Conclusions: There was nearly 70% reduction in SUDs admission rates during the lockdown. After the lockdown, a significant proportional increase in amphetamine use disorder admissions was observed mostly among the patients age group 18-24 with a history of a previous admissions. Determining populations at risk for high health care utilization is crucial in building a comprehensive and effective prevention strategy. Therefore, the need to adopt coordinated strategies and innovative, comprehensive approaches to benefit individuals with SUD is imperative to face the increased rate of SUD related admissions.
{"title":"Substance Use Disorder Admission Rates Before and After the Lockdown in a Large Addiction Center in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Majed Ramadan, Yara F Batwa","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2351449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2024.2351449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to examine the potential changes in substance use disorder (SUD) admission rates before and after the lockdown in a major addiction center in Saudi Arabia. <b>Method:</b> This retrospective cohort study extracted data from Al-Amal Hospital Electronic Health Record in the city of Dammam, Eastern region of Saudi Arabia. A total of 2,426 cases included in the analysis for patients who received services from the SUD treatment programs from 1/1/2015 to 31/12/2021. <b>Results:</b> Before the pandemic, there was a consistent increase in the admission rates for patients with substance use disorder. The highest proportion of increase were among unemployed, young, newly admitted patients. During lockdown, there was nearly a 70% reduction in SUDs-related admission rate. The age group 18-25 was seven-times more likely to be admitted for SUD after the lockdown. Amphetamine-related admissions were two times more likely to be admitted after the lockdown (Odds ratio (OR) 2.04; confidence interval (CI) 95%[1.64, 2.54]). <b>Conclusions:</b> There was nearly 70% reduction in SUDs admission rates during the lockdown. After the lockdown, a significant proportional increase in amphetamine use disorder admissions was observed mostly among the patients age group 18-24 with a history of a previous admissions. Determining populations at risk for high health care utilization is crucial in building a comprehensive and effective prevention strategy. Therefore, the need to adopt coordinated strategies and innovative, comprehensive approaches to benefit individuals with SUD is imperative to face the increased rate of SUD related admissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-06DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2024.2355953
Elizabeth Alpert, Adam Kaplan, David Nelson, David W Oslin, Melissa A Polusny, Erin P Ingram, Shannon M Kehle-Forbes
Objective: Dropout rates are high in treatments for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs). We examined dropout predictors in PTSD-SUD treatment. Methods: Participants were 183 veterans receiving integrated or phased motivational enhancement therapy and prolonged exposure. Using survival models, we examined demographics and symptom trajectories as dropout predictors. Using latent trajectory analysis, we incorporated clusters based on symptom trajectories to improve dropout prediction. Results: Hispanic ethnicity (integrated arm), Black or African American race (phased arm), and younger age (phased arm) predicted dropout. Clusters based on PTSD and substance use trajectories improved dropout prediction. In integrated treatment, participants with consistently-high use and low-and-improving use had the highest dropout. In phased treatment, participants with the highest and lowest PTSD symptoms had lower dropout; participants with the lowest substance use had higher dropout. Conclusions: Identifying within-treatment symptom trajectories associated with dropout can help clinicians intervene to maximize outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01211106.
{"title":"Clusters Based on Within-Treatment Symptom Trajectories as Predictors of Dropout in Treatment for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Substance Use Disorder.","authors":"Elizabeth Alpert, Adam Kaplan, David Nelson, David W Oslin, Melissa A Polusny, Erin P Ingram, Shannon M Kehle-Forbes","doi":"10.1080/15504263.2024.2355953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15504263.2024.2355953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Dropout rates are high in treatments for co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs). We examined dropout predictors in PTSD-SUD treatment. <b>Methods:</b> Participants were 183 veterans receiving integrated or phased motivational enhancement therapy and prolonged exposure. Using survival models, we examined demographics and symptom trajectories as dropout predictors. Using latent trajectory analysis, we incorporated clusters based on symptom trajectories to improve dropout prediction. <b>Results:</b> Hispanic ethnicity (integrated arm), Black or African American race (phased arm), and younger age (phased arm) predicted dropout. Clusters based on PTSD and substance use trajectories improved dropout prediction. In integrated treatment, participants with consistently-high use and low-and-improving use had the highest dropout. In phased treatment, participants with the highest and lowest PTSD symptoms had lower dropout; participants with the lowest substance use had higher dropout. <b>Conclusions:</b> Identifying within-treatment symptom trajectories associated with dropout can help clinicians intervene to maximize outcomes. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01211106.</p>","PeriodicalId":46571,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dual Diagnosis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141284998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}