Addressing the global snakebite crisis with geo-spatial analyses – Recent advances and future direction

IF 3.6 Q2 TOXICOLOGY Toxicon: X Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.toxcx.2021.100076
Anna F.V. Pintor , Nicolas Ray , Joshua Longbottom , Carlos A. Bravo-Vega , Masoud Yousefi , Kris A. Murray , Dileepa S. Ediriweera , Peter J. Diggle
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引用次数: 11

Abstract

Venomous snakebite is a neglected tropical disease that annually leads to hundreds of thousands of deaths or long-term physical and mental ailments across the developing world. Insufficient data on spatial variation in snakebite risk, incidence, human vulnerability, and accessibility of medical treatment contribute substantially to ineffective on-ground management. There is an urgent need to collect data, fill knowledge gaps and address on-ground management problems. The use of novel, and transdisciplinary approaches that take advantage of recent advances in spatio-temporal models, ‘big data’, high performance computing, and fine-scale spatial information can add value to snakebite management by strategically improving our understanding and mitigation capacity of snakebite. We review the background and recent advances on the topic of snakebite related geospatial analyses and suggest avenues for priority research that will have practical on-ground applications for snakebite management and mitigation. These include streamlined, targeted data collection on snake distributions, snakebites, envenomings, venom composition, health infrastructure, and antivenom accessibility along with fine-scale models of spatio-temporal variation in snakebite risk and incidence, intraspecific venom variation, and environmental change modifying human exposure. These measures could improve and ‘future-proof’ antivenom production methods, antivenom distribution and stockpiling systems, and human-wildlife conflict management practices, while simultaneously feeding into research on venom evolution, snake taxonomy, ecology, biogeography, and conservation.

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通过地理空间分析应对全球蛇咬伤危机——最新进展和未来方向。
毒蛇咬伤是一种被忽视的热带疾病,每年在发展中国家导致数十万人死亡或长期身心疾病。关于毒蛇咬伤风险、发病率、人类脆弱性和医疗可及性的空间变化数据不足,在很大程度上导致了地面管理的无效。迫切需要收集数据,填补知识空白,解决实地管理问题。利用时空模型、“大数据”、高性能计算和精细空间信息的最新进展,使用新颖的跨学科方法可以从战略上提高我们对蛇咬伤的理解和缓解能力,从而为蛇咬伤管理增加价值。我们回顾了与蛇咬伤相关的地理空间分析的背景和最新进展,并提出了优先研究的途径,这些途径将在蛇咬伤管理和缓解方面具有实际的地面应用。其中包括关于蛇的分布、蛇咬伤、环境、毒液成分、卫生基础设施和抗蛇毒血清可及性的精简、有针对性的数据收集,以及蛇咬伤风险和发病率的时空变化、种内毒液变化和改变人类暴露的环境变化的精细模型。这些措施可以改进和“经得起未来考验”的抗蛇毒血清生产方法、抗蛇毒血清分发和储存系统以及人类与野生动物冲突管理实践,同时为毒液进化、蛇分类学、生态学、生物地理学和保护的研究提供支持。
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来源期刊
Toxicon: X
Toxicon: X Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics-Toxicology
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
33
审稿时长
14 weeks
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