Systematic Review of Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Obstructive Lung Disease.

IF 2.4 Q1 Medicine Journal of Health and Pollution Pub Date : 2021-08-17 eCollection Date: 2021-09-01 DOI:10.5696/2156-9614-11.31.210903
Chinemerem C Nwaozuzu, Kingsley C Partick-Iwuanyanwu, Stephen O Abah
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Background: There is fast-growing epidemiologic evidence of the effects of environmental chemicals on respiratory health. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been linked with airway obstruction common in asthma and/or asthma exacerbation, and chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Objectives: A systematic review of the association between exposure to PAHs and obstructive lung diseases is not yet available. The present systematic review aims to evaluate the evidence available in epidemiological studies that have associated PAHs with obstructive lung diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema.

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases using relevant keywords and guided by predesigned eligibility criteria.

Results: From the total of 30 articles reviewed, 16 articles examined the link between PAHs and lung function in both adults and children. Twelve articles investigated the association between PAHs and asthma, asthma biomarkers, and/or asthma symptoms in children. Two articles studied the relationship between PAHs and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), a biomarker of airway inflammation and the relationship between PAHs and obstructive lung diseases and infections, respectively. One study assessed exposure to daily ambient PAHs and cough occurrence.

Discussion: Twenty-seven studies found an association between PAHs and asthma and reduced lung function. In children it is reinforced by studies on prenatal and postnatal exposure, whereas in adults, reductions in lung function tests marked by low forced expiratory volume in 1 second, (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) were the major health outcomes. Some studies recorded contrasting results: insignificant and/or no association between the two variables of interest. The studies reviewed had limitations ranging from small sample size, to the use of cross-sectional rather than longitudinal study design.

Conclusions: The literature reviewed in the present study largely suggest positive correlations between PAHs and obstructive lung diseases marked mainly by asthma and reduced respiratory function. This review was registered with PROSPERO (Registration no: CRD42020212894).

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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多环芳烃暴露与阻塞性肺疾病的系统综述。
背景:越来越多的流行病学证据表明环境化学物质对呼吸系统健康的影响。多环芳烃(PAHs)与哮喘和/或哮喘加重、慢性支气管炎和肺气肿中常见的气道阻塞有关。目的:对多环芳烃暴露与阻塞性肺疾病之间关系的系统综述尚未得到。本系统综述旨在评价流行病学研究中有关多环芳烃与哮喘、慢性支气管炎、肺气肿等阻塞性肺部疾病相关的证据。方法:根据预先设计的入选标准,使用相关关键词对PubMed、Google Scholar和Scopus数据库进行系统的文献检索。结果:在共审阅的30篇文章中,有16篇文章研究了多环芳烃与成人和儿童肺功能之间的联系。12篇文章调查了多环芳烃与哮喘、哮喘生物标志物和/或儿童哮喘症状之间的关系。两篇文章分别研究了多环芳烃与分数呼气一氧化氮(FeNO)(气道炎症的生物标志物)和多环芳烃与阻塞性肺部疾病和感染的关系。一项研究评估了每天暴露于环境多环芳烃和咳嗽的发生率。讨论:27项研究发现多环芳烃与哮喘和肺功能减退有关。在儿童中,对产前和产后暴露的研究加强了这一点,而在成人中,以1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)和用力呼气流量(FEF25-75%)低为标志的肺功能测试减少是主要的健康结果。一些研究记录了相反的结果:两个感兴趣的变量之间不显著和/或没有关联。所回顾的研究有局限性,包括样本量小,使用横断面而不是纵向研究设计。结论:本研究查阅的文献显示,多环芳烃与以哮喘和呼吸功能减退为主要表现的阻塞性肺疾病呈正相关。本综述已在PROSPERO注册(注册号:CRD42020212894)。利益竞争:作者声明没有经济利益竞争。
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Journal of Health and Pollution
Journal of Health and Pollution Medicine-Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
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审稿时长
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期刊介绍: The Journal of Health and Pollution (JH&P) was initiated with funding from the European Union and World Bank and continues to be a Platinum Open Access Journal. There are no publication or viewing charges. That is, there are no charges to readers or authors. Upon peer-review and acceptance, all articles are made available online. The high-ranking editorial board is comprised of active members who participate in JH&P submissions and editorial policies. The Journal of Health and Pollution welcomes manuscripts based on original research as well as findings from re-interpretation and examination of existing data. JH&P focuses on point source pollution, related health impacts, environmental control and remediation technology. JH&P also has an interest in ambient and indoor pollution. Pollutants of particular interest include heavy metals, pesticides, radionuclides, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), air particulates (PM10 and PM2.5), and other severe and persistent toxins. JH&P emphasizes work relating directly to low and middle-income countries, however relevant work relating to high-income countries will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
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