Perceptions of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Kazeem A Oshikoya, Jacob O Awobusuyi
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Abstract

Background: Spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is the cornerstone of pharmacovigilance. ADR reporting with Yellow Cards has tremendously improved pharmacovigilance of drugs in many developed countries and its use is advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO). This study was aimed at investigating the knowledge and attitude of doctors in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria on spontaneous ADR reporting and to suggest possible ways of improving this method of reporting.

Methods: A total of 120 doctors working at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), in Nigeria were evaluated with a questionnaire for their knowledge and attitudes to ADR reporting. The questionnaire sought the demographics of the doctors, their knowledge and attitudes to ADR reporting, the factors that they perceived may influence ADR reporting, and their levels of education and training on ADR reporting. Provision was also made for suggestions on the possible ways to improve ADR reporting.

Results: The response rate was 82.5%. A majority of the respondents (89, 89.9%) considered doctors as the most qualified health professionals to report ADRs. Forty (40.4%) of the respondents knew about the existence of National Pharmacovigilance Centre (NPC) in Nigeria. Thirty-two (32.3%) respondents were aware of the Yellow Card reporting scheme but only two had ever reported ADRs to the NPC. About half (48.5%) of the respondents felt that all serious ADRs could be identified after drug marketing. There was a significant difference between the proportion of respondents who felt that ADR reporting should be either compulsory or voluntary (chi2 = 38.9, P < 0.001). ADR reporting was encouraged if the reaction was serious (77, 77.8%) and unusual (70, 70.7%). Education and training was the most recognised means of improving ADR reporting.

Conclusion: The knowledge of ADRs and how to report them are inadequate among doctors working in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. More awareness should be created on the Yellow Card reporting scheme. Continuous medical education, training and integration of ADR reporting into the clinical activities of the doctors would likely improve reporting.

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尼日利亚拉各斯一家教学医院的医生对药物不良反应报告的看法。
背景:自发性药物不良反应(ADR)报告是药物警戒的基石。在许多发达国家,使用黄卡报告药物不良反应极大地改善了药物警戒工作,世界卫生组织(WHO)也提倡使用黄卡。本研究旨在调查尼日利亚拉各斯一家教学医院的医生对自发报告药物不良反应的认识和态度,并提出改进这种报告方法的可能途径:对在尼日利亚拉各斯州立大学教学医院(LASUTH)工作的 120 名医生进行了问卷调查,以了解他们对 ADR 报告的认识和态度。问卷调查了医生的人口统计学特征、他们对 ADR 报告的认识和态度、他们认为可能影响 ADR 报告的因素以及他们在 ADR 报告方面的教育和培训水平。此外,调查还就如何改进ADR报告提出了建议:答复率为 82.5%。大多数受访者(89 人,占 89.9%)认为医生是最有资格报告 ADR 的医疗专业人员。40(40.4%)名受访者知道尼日利亚有国家药物警戒中心(NPC)。32(32.3%)名受访者知道黄卡报告计划,但只有两名受访者曾向 NPC 报告过药物不良反应。大约一半(48.5%)的受访者认为,所有严重的药物不良反应都可以在药品上市后发现。认为应强制或自愿上报药物不良反应的受访者比例存在明显差异(chi2 = 38.9,P < 0.001)。如果反应严重(77,77.8%)和不寻常(70,70.7%),则鼓励报告药物不良反应。教育和培训是最受认可的改善 ADR 报告的方法:结论:在尼日利亚拉各斯一家教学医院工作的医生对药物不良反应以及如何报告药物不良反应的认识不足。应提高对黄卡报告计划的认识。持续的医学教育、培训以及将 ADR 报告纳入医生的临床活动将有可能改善报告情况。
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