[COVID-19 after heart transplantation: experiences from a German transplantation center].

Abstract

Background: The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV‑2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2) has led to hospitalizations and increased mortality worldwide. With potentially high prevalence and severity of COVID-19 in cardiac transplantation, there is a great need to generate data in this at-risk cohort.

Objective: We report here our experience with COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in heart transplant recipients at a German transplantation center longitudinally over the previous pandemic waves and place it in context to published experiences of other centers.

Material and methods: All adult patients who had received a heart transplant at our center and had confirmed COVID-19 infection (n = 12) were included and retrospectively characterized.

Results: The mean age was 61.5 (49-63) years, and the majority were male (83%). Comorbidities such as diabetes (42%), arterial hypertension (43%), and chronic renal failure (67%) were found. Passive immunization (convalescent plasma/monoclonal antibodies) was performed in 50%. Oxygen administration was required in 33% of patients; only one patient required noninvasive ventilation (8%), and no patient required invasive ventilation or mechanical cardiovascular support (ECMO). No new cardiovascular or thromboembolic events were found.

Conclusion: We could longitudinally not detect severe courses or increased mortality of COVID-19 in heart transplant patients. Prospective studies are needed to make better prognostic estimates of COVID-19 in (heart) transplant patients in the future.