{"title":"Does the incorporation of zinc into TiO2 on titanium surfaces increase bactericidal activity? A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.05.007","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><p>Infections associated with bacterial biofilm formation are an important cause of early implant failure. With the growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the incorporation of zinc into TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings of titanium implants has emerged to promote osseointegration and inhibit bacterial proliferation. However, a systematic assessment of its efficacy is lacking.</p></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the bactericidal effect of zinc-modified TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings on titanium or Ti-6Al-4V alloy.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>The review was structured based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist and the peer review of electronic search strategies (PRESS) guidelines. The search was performed in Science Direct, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, including experimental in vitro studies that used titanium or Ti-6Al-4V as a control group and performed bacterial assays. Meta-analysis was performed by using the standardized mean differences of antibacterial effects.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2519 articles were collected after duplicate removal. Then, eligibility criteria and a manual search were applied to select 20 studies for qualitative analysis and 16 studies for statistical analysis. The risk of bias revealed low-quality evidence. The meta-analysis showed that zinc positively affected the bactericidal activity of TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings (−8.79, CI<sub>95%</sub>=−11.01 to −6.57, <em>P</em><.001), with a high degree of heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup>=78%). Subgroup analysis with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotubes produced by anodization and ZnO nanoparticles by hydrothermal synthesis reduced heterogeneity to 43%, with the removal of outliers (I<sup>2</sup>=46%), with a favorable antibacterial effect for zinc incorporation into TiO<sub>2</sub>.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Bactericidal activity was identified for zinc incorporated into TiO<sub>2</sub> coatings, making it an interesting option for titanium dental implants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022391322003286/pdfft?md5=0ed79b6d83a71022c6ce12c8cb1a4043&pid=1-s2.0-S0022391322003286-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022391322003286","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Statement of problem
Infections associated with bacterial biofilm formation are an important cause of early implant failure. With the growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the incorporation of zinc into TiO2 coatings of titanium implants has emerged to promote osseointegration and inhibit bacterial proliferation. However, a systematic assessment of its efficacy is lacking.
Purpose
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the bactericidal effect of zinc-modified TiO2 coatings on titanium or Ti-6Al-4V alloy.
Material and methods
The review was structured based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist and the peer review of electronic search strategies (PRESS) guidelines. The search was performed in Science Direct, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and PubMed databases, including experimental in vitro studies that used titanium or Ti-6Al-4V as a control group and performed bacterial assays. Meta-analysis was performed by using the standardized mean differences of antibacterial effects.
Results
A total of 2519 articles were collected after duplicate removal. Then, eligibility criteria and a manual search were applied to select 20 studies for qualitative analysis and 16 studies for statistical analysis. The risk of bias revealed low-quality evidence. The meta-analysis showed that zinc positively affected the bactericidal activity of TiO2 coatings (−8.79, CI95%=−11.01 to −6.57, P<.001), with a high degree of heterogeneity (I2=78%). Subgroup analysis with TiO2 nanotubes produced by anodization and ZnO nanoparticles by hydrothermal synthesis reduced heterogeneity to 43%, with the removal of outliers (I2=46%), with a favorable antibacterial effect for zinc incorporation into TiO2.
Conclusions
Bactericidal activity was identified for zinc incorporated into TiO2 coatings, making it an interesting option for titanium dental implants.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry is the leading professional journal devoted exclusively to prosthetic and restorative dentistry. The Journal is the official publication for 24 leading U.S. international prosthodontic organizations. The monthly publication features timely, original peer-reviewed articles on the newest techniques, dental materials, and research findings. The Journal serves prosthodontists and dentists in advanced practice, and features color photos that illustrate many step-by-step procedures. The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry is included in Index Medicus and CINAHL.
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