Insights into the Social Determinants of Health in Older Adults.

Felipe P Perez, Carmen A Perez, Magali N Chumbiauca
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Abstract

In this paper, we review the social determinants of health in older adults and their complex interrelationship with medical diseases. Also, we provide recommendations to address these determinants in the integrated healthcare plan. The social determinants in older adults and its influence in health outcomes have been studied for decades. There is solid evidence for the interrelationship between social factors and the health of individuals and populations; however, these studies are unable to define their complex interrelatedness. Health is quite variable and depends on multiple biological and social factors such as genetics, country of origin, migrant status, etc. On the other hand, health status can affect social factors such as job or education. Addressing social determinants of health in the integrated healthcare plan is important for improving health outcomes and decreasing existing disparities in older adult health. We recommend a person-centered approach in which individualized interventions should be adopted by organizations to improve the health status of older adults at the national and global level. Some of our practical recommendations to better address the social determinants of health in clinical practice are EHR documentation strategies, screening tools, and the development of linkages to the world outside of the clinic and health system, including social services, community activities, collaborative work, and roles for insurance companies.

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洞察老年人健康的社会决定因素。
在本文中,我们回顾了老年人健康的社会决定因素及其与医疗疾病之间复杂的相互关系。此外,我们还提出了在综合医疗保健计划中解决这些决定因素的建议。几十年来,人们一直在研究老年人的社会决定因素及其对健康结果的影响。有确凿证据表明,社会因素与个人和人群的健康之间存在相互关系;然而,这些研究无法界定其复杂的相互关联性。健康状况千变万化,取决于多种生物和社会因素,如遗传、原籍国、移民身份等。另一方面,健康状况也会影响工作或教育等社会因素。在综合医疗保健计划中解决健康的社会决定因素对于改善老年人的健康状况和减少现有的健康差距非常重要。我们建议采取以人为本的方法,各组织应采取个性化干预措施,在国家和全球层面改善老年人的健康状况。为了在临床实践中更好地应对健康的社会决定因素,我们提出了一些切实可行的建议,包括电子健康记录策略、筛查工具,以及与诊所和医疗系统以外的世界建立联系,包括社会服务、社区活动、合作工作和保险公司的作用。
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