Increased granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) levels in BAL fluid from patients with sulfur mustard gas-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Ali Emad, Yasaman Emad
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引用次数: 18

Abstract

The objective of this article was to show the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis due to sulfur mustard gas inhalation. Eighteen veterans with mustard gas-induced pulmonary fibrosis and 18 normal patients were used as controls. Bronchoalveolar larvage (BAL) and analyses of BAL fluids for cellular and cytokine levels were performed. There was a significant difference in granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) level in the BAL fluid of patients and the controls (p < 0.0001). Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating pulmonary fibrosis (GM-CSF) BAL levels were significantly increased in patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) in comparison with controls (p < 0.0001). Patients with PF have highly significant increases in IL-8 level compared to controls (87.94 +/- 59.63 vs. 8.66 +/- 6.97 g/mL(1); p < 0.0001) as well. IL-8 and G-CSF levels in BAL fluid correlate only with the percentage and the absolute number of neutrophils of the BAL fluid in patients with PF (p = 0.02/p = 0.01; p = 0.01/p = 0.01; respectively). A significant correlation was found between GM-CSF BAL fluid level and the percentage and the absolute number of the BAL fluid eosinophils (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03). Neutrophils alveolitis, the presence of eosinophils, and higher concentrations of interleukin-8, G-CSF, and GM-CSF in BAL fluid are associated with the development of fibrosis in sulfur mustard victims.

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硫芥子气诱导肺纤维化患者BAL液中粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)和粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)水平升高。
本文旨在探讨细胞因子在芥子气致肺纤维化发病机制中的作用。以18例芥子气致肺纤维化退伍军人和18例正常人为对照。进行了支气管肺泡幼虫(BAL)和BAL液的细胞和细胞因子水平分析。患者与对照组BAL液中粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)水平差异有统计学意义(p < 0.0001)。与对照组相比,肺纤维化(PF)患者的粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激肺纤维化(GM-CSF) BAL水平显著升高(p < 0.0001)。与对照组相比,PF患者IL-8水平显著升高(87.94 +/- 59.63 vs. 8.66 +/- 6.97 g/mL);P < 0.0001)。BAL液中IL-8和G-CSF水平仅与PF患者BAL液中性粒细胞百分比和绝对数量相关(p = 0.02/p = 0.01;P = 0.01/ P = 0.01;分别)。GM-CSF BAL液面与BAL液中嗜酸性粒细胞百分比和绝对数量有显著相关性(p = 0.04和p = 0.03)。嗜中性粒细胞肺泡炎、嗜酸性粒细胞的存在以及BAL液中较高浓度的白细胞介素-8、G-CSF和GM-CSF与芥菜受害者纤维化的发展有关。
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