Pediatric allergies in Japan: Coronavirus disease pandemic-related risk factors.

IF 1.6 Q3 ALLERGY Asia Pacific Allergy Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-07 DOI:10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000116

Yuri Takaoka, Akihiro Maeta, Atsuko Nakano, Masaaki Hamada, Yukiko Hiraguchi, Tomoko Kawakami, Ikuo Okafuji, Yutaka Takemura, Makoto Kameda, Kyoko Takahashi, Shohei Akagawa, Kaori Anzai, Shinichi Sumimoto, Kenji Bando, Masaaki Doi, Masahiro Enomoto, Shiori Fujikawa, Akiko Ikeda, Megumi Nagai, Atsuko Nishiyama, Keita Otsuka, Satoko Shimizu, Yukiko Sugimoto, Yukiko Tanaka, Yuko Tanaka, Yuya Tanaka, Ryohei Wakahara, Koji Yamasaki

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Abstract

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted various parts of society, including Japanese children with allergies.

Objective: This study investigated risk factors for pediatric allergic diseases associated with the state of emergency owing to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, including during school closures.

Methods: Parents of pediatric patients (0-15 years) with allergies were enrolled and queried regarding the impact of school closure on pediatric allergies compared to that before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: A valid response was obtained from 2302 parents; 1740 of them had children with food allergies. Approximately 4% (62/1740) of the parents reported accidental food allergen ingestion was increased compared to that before the COVID-19 pandemic. Accidental ingestion during school closures was associated with increased contact with meals containing allergens meant for siblings or other members of the family at home. The exacerbation rate during the pandemic was highest for atopic dermatitis at 13% (127/976), followed by allergic rhinitis at 8% (58/697), and bronchial asthma at 4% (27/757). The main risk factors for worsening atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma were contact dermatitis of the mask area (34/120 total comments); home allergens, such as mites, dogs, and cats (15/51 total comments); and seasonal changes (6/25 total comments), respectively.

Conclusion: The main factors affecting allergic diseases were likely related to increased time at home, preventive measures against COVID-19, and refraining from doctor visits. Children with allergies were affected by changes in social conditions; however, some factors, such as preventing accidental ingestion and the management of allergens at home, were similar to those before the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients who had received instructions on allergen avoidance at home before the pandemic were able to manage their disease better even when their social conditions changed.

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日本儿童过敏：与冠状病毒疾病大流行相关的危险因素。

背景：2019冠状病毒病（新冠肺炎）大流行影响了社会的各个方面，包括日本过敏儿童。目的：本研究调查了与日本新冠肺炎大流行导致的紧急状态（包括学校停课期间）相关的儿童过敏性疾病的危险因素。方法：与新冠肺炎大流行前相比，对过敏儿童患者（0-15岁）的父母进行登记，并询问学校关闭对儿童过敏的影响。结果：获得2302名家长的有效回复；其中1740名儿童对食物过敏。与新冠肺炎大流行前相比，约4%（62/1740）的父母报告意外食物过敏原摄入增加。学校停课期间的意外摄入与家中兄弟姐妹或其他家庭成员接触含有过敏原的食物增加有关。在大流行期间，特应性皮炎的恶化率最高，为13%（127/976），其次是过敏性鼻炎，为8%（58/697），支气管哮喘为4%（27/757）。特应性皮炎、过敏性鼻炎和支气管哮喘恶化的主要危险因素是口罩区域的接触性皮炎（34/120总评论）；家庭过敏原，如螨虫、狗和猫（15/51总评论）；和季节变化（意见总数6/25）。结论：影响过敏性疾病的主要因素可能与增加在家时间、预防新冠肺炎措施和避免就诊有关。过敏儿童受到社会条件变化的影响；然而，一些因素，如防止意外摄入和在家管理过敏原，与新冠肺炎大流行前类似。在大流行之前，在家接受过避免过敏原指导的患者即使在社会条件发生变化的情况下，也能更好地控制自己的疾病。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asia Pacific Allergy ALLERGY-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

5.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： Asia Pacific Allergy (AP Allergy) is the official journal of the Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology (APAAACI). Although the primary aim of the journal is to promote communication between Asia Pacific scientists who are interested in allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology including immunodeficiency, the journal is intended to be available worldwide. To enable scientists and clinicians from emerging societies appreciate the scope and intent of the journal, early issues will contain more educational review material. For better communication and understanding, it will include rational concepts related to the diagnosis and management of asthma and other immunological conditions. Over time, the journal will increase the number of original research papers to become the foremost citation journal for allergy and clinical immunology information of the Asia Pacific in the future.