Differential diagnosis of a calcified object from the South Tombs Cemetery at Amarna, Egypt

IF 1.3 3区 地球科学 Q3 PALEONTOLOGY International Journal of Paleopathology Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.ijpp.2023.09.001
Gretchen R. Dabbs
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Abstract

Objective

This paper provides a brief history of the publication of calcified biological objects and presents one that was present in the grave associated with a mature adult female buried in the South Tombs Cemetery at Amarna, Egypt (c. 1353–1332BCE).

Methods

Macroscopic examination revealed an ovoid object constructed of concentric layers of a coarse sand-like material oriented around a dense core that lacked evidence of parasites. Microscopic examination revealed the object is composed of densely, yet haphazardly packed, elongated octahedron shaped crystals with no evidence of cellular structures. Basic chemical analysis eliminated calcium carbonate as a constituent material.

Results

Based on comparison with previously published examples from the archaeological and clinical literature and careful differential diagnosis, it is suggested this object is a bladder stone.

Significance

A brief discussion of the implications of bladder stones on individual health and broader epidemiological constraints to illustrate the depth such discoveries can bring to our understanding of ancient lived experience concludes the work.

Limitations

The burial of Ind. 286 was disturbed. The identification of a bladder stone presumes the stone would have been found within the pelvic cavity, which cannot be confirmed. Other graves in the vicinity of this grave were also disturbed. It is unlikely, but still possible, that the stone originated from another grave and was relocated to this grave after disturbance. Full chemical analysis was not possible.

Suggestions for future research

Radiographic and chemical analysis would provide more information to strengthen the certainty of the differential diagnosis.

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对埃及阿玛纳南陵公墓钙化物的鉴别诊断。
目的:本文介绍了钙化生物制品的出版简史,并介绍了一个与埋葬在阿玛纳南陵公墓的一名成年女性有关的坟墓中的钙化生物制品,埃及(公元前1353-1332年)。方法:宏观检查显示,一个卵形物体由粗砂状材料的同心层组成,围绕着一个密集的核心,缺乏寄生虫的证据。显微镜检查显示,该物体由密集但随意堆积的细长八面体晶体组成,没有细胞结构的证据。基本化学分析排除了碳酸钙作为组成材料的成分。结果:根据与考古和临床文献中先前发表的例子的比较以及仔细的鉴别诊断,认为该物体是膀胱结石。意义:简要讨论膀胱结石对个人健康的影响和更广泛的流行病学限制,以说明这些发现可以为我们理解古代生活经验带来的深度,这项工作就此结束。限制:印第286号的埋葬受到了干扰。膀胱结石的鉴定表明,结石可能是在盆腔内发现的,但这一点无法得到证实。这座坟墓附近的其他坟墓也受到干扰。这块石头不太可能,但仍然有可能来自另一个坟墓,并在骚乱后被转移到这个坟墓。无法进行全面的化学分析。对未来研究的建议:放射学和化学分析将提供更多信息,以加强鉴别诊断的确定性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
25.00%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: Paleopathology is the study and application of methods and techniques for investigating diseases and related conditions from skeletal and soft tissue remains. The International Journal of Paleopathology (IJPP) will publish original and significant articles on human and animal (including hominids) disease, based upon the study of physical remains, including osseous, dental, and preserved soft tissues at a range of methodological levels, from direct observation to molecular, chemical, histological and radiographic analysis. Discussion of ways in which these methods can be applied to the reconstruction of health, disease and life histories in the past is central to the discipline, so the journal would also encourage papers covering interpretive and theoretical issues, and those that place the study of disease at the centre of a bioarchaeological or biocultural approach. Papers dealing with historical evidence relating to disease in the past (rather than history of medicine) will also be published. The journal will also accept significant studies that applied previously developed techniques to new materials, setting the research in the context of current debates on past human and animal health.
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