Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on executive function of adolescent shooting athletes: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

IF 2.3 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Sports Medicine and Health Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1016/j.smhs.2023.02.004
Mingqiang Xiang , Guanru Li , Jianuo Ye , Meng Wu , Ruiping Xu , Min Hu
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Abstract

Individual executive function improvement through physical and cognitive training is a research hotspot in physical education and cognitive science. However, few studies have evaluated whether combined physical and cognitive training (CPCT) has greater benefits for executive function performance and cerebral oxygenation in adolescent athletes than cognitive training alone. This study randomly assigned 33 adolescent shooting athletes to a CPCT (n ​= ​17) or computerized cognitive training (CCT, n ​= ​16) group and compared their executive function after six weeks of training. All subjects were assessed using the 2-back, task-switching, and Stroop tests before and after training. The prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb) activation level was monitored while executing the three tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Our results showed that the CPCT and CCT groups similarly improved their updating function as indicated by the 2-back task accuracy. The CPCT group significantly improved the switching function in the task-switching test accuracy, while the CCT group did not. However, both groups did not improve in behavioral performance as indicated by the inhibition function in the Stroop task. Cerebral oxygenation, indicated by the oxy-Hb activation level in the frontal pole area of the prefrontal lobe, significantly improved in the CPCT group during the three cognitive tasks, whereas the CCT group showed no change. These findings indicated that CPCT endowed greater advantages in task-switching in the behavioral performance of the executive function than CCT. Moreover, CPCT was superior to CCT in increasing task-efficient cerebral oxygenation during the activation of the prefrontal cortex in adolescent shooting athletes.

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身体和认知联合训练对青少年射击运动员执行功能的影响:一项功能性近红外光谱研究。
通过体育和认知训练提高个体执行功能是体育和认知科学的研究热点。然而,很少有研究评估身体和认知联合训练(CPCT)是否比单独的认知训练对青少年运动员的执行功能表现和脑氧合有更大的益处。本研究将33名青少年射击运动员随机分配到CPCT(n​=​17) 或计算机化认知训练(CCT,n​=​16) 并比较了六周训练后的执行功能。所有受试者在训练前后均采用双背、任务切换和Stroop测试进行评估。在执行这三项任务时,使用功能性近红外光谱监测前额叶皮层含氧血红蛋白(Oxy-Hb)的激活水平。我们的结果表明,CPCT和CCT组类似地改进了它们的更新功能,如2-背任务精度所示。CPCT组在任务切换测试准确性上显著提高了切换功能,而CCT组则没有。然而,正如Stroop任务中的抑制功能所表明的那样,两组的行为表现都没有改善。在三项认知任务中,CPCT组的大脑氧合(由前额叶额叶极区的oxy-Hb激活水平表示)显著改善,而CCT组没有变化。这些发现表明,在执行功能的行为表现中,CPCT在任务转换方面比CCT具有更大的优势。此外,在青少年射击运动员前额叶皮层激活过程中,CPCT在提高任务有效性脑氧合方面优于CCT。
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来源期刊
Sports Medicine and Health Science
Sports Medicine and Health Science Health Professions-Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
55 days
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