The role of cellular prion protein in immune system.

IF 2.9 3区生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY BMB Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-01

Seunghwa Cha, Mi-Yeon Kim

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Abstract

Numerous studies have investigated the cellular prion protein (PrP^C) since its discovery. These investigations have explained that its structure is predominantly composed of alpha helices and short beta sheet segments, and when its abnormal scrapie isoform (PrP^Sc) is infected, PrP^Sc transforms the PrP^C, leading to prion diseases, including Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans and bovine spongiform encephalopathy in cattle. Given its ubiquitous distribution across a variety of cellular types, the PrP^C manifests a diverse range of biological functions, including cell-cell adhesion, neuroprotection, signalings, and oxidative stress response. PrP^C is also expressed in immune tissues, and its functions in these tissues include the activation of immune cells and the formation of secondary lymphoid tissues, such as the spleen and lymph nodes. Moreover, high expression of PrP^C in immune cells plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. In addition, it affects inflammation and the development and progression of cancer via various mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the studies on the role of PrP^C from various immunological perspectives. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(12): 645-650].

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细胞朊病毒蛋白在免疫系统中的作用。

自从发现细胞朊病毒蛋白（PrPC）以来，已有许多研究对其进行了研究。这些研究解释说，它的结构主要由α螺旋和短β片片段组成，当它的异常瘙痒同种型（PrPSc）被感染时，PrPSc会转化PrPC，导致朊病毒疾病，包括人类的克雅氏病和牛的海绵状脑病。鉴于其在各种细胞类型中的普遍分布，PrPC表现出多种生物学功能，包括细胞-细胞粘附、神经保护、信号传导和氧化应激反应。PrPC也在免疫组织中表达，其在这些组织中的功能包括激活免疫细胞和形成次级淋巴组织，如脾脏和淋巴结。此外，PrPC在免疫细胞中的高表达在朊病毒疾病的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。此外，它通过各种机制影响炎症以及癌症的发展和进展。在这篇综述中，我们从不同的免疫学角度讨论了PrPC作用的研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMB Reports 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

7.90%

发文量

141

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： The BMB Reports (BMB Rep, established in 1968) is published at the end of every month by Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Copyright is reserved by the Society. The journal publishes short articles and mini reviews. We expect that the BMB Reports will deliver the new scientific findings and knowledge to our readers in fast and timely manner.