All polymer microfluidic chips-A fixed target sample delivery workhorse for serial crystallography.

IF 2.6 4区 工程技术 Q2 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS Biomicrofluidics Pub Date : 2023-10-13 eCollection Date: 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1063/5.0167164
Kevin K Gu, Zhongrui Liu, Sankar Raju Narayanasamy, Megan L Shelby, Nicholas Chan, Matthew A Coleman, Matthias Frank, Tonya L Kuhl
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Abstract

The development of x-ray free electron laser (XFEL) light sources and serial crystallography methodologies has led to a revolution in protein crystallography, enabling the determination of previously unobtainable protein structures and near-atomic resolution of otherwise poorly diffracting protein crystals. However, to utilize XFEL sources efficiently demands the continuous, rapid delivery of a large number of difficult-to-handle microcrystals to the x-ray beam. A recently developed fixed-target system, in which crystals of interest are enclosed within a sample holder, which is rastered through the x-ray beam, is discussed in detail in this Perspective. The fixed target is easy to use, maintains sample hydration, and can be readily modified to allow a broad range of sample types and different beamline requirements. Recent innovations demonstrate the potential of such microfluidic-based fixed targets to be an all-around "workhorse" for serial crystallography measurements. This Perspective will summarize recent advancements in microfluidic fixed targets for serial crystallography, examine needs for future development, and guide users in designing, choosing, and utilizing a fixed-target sample delivery device for their system.

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全聚合物微流控芯片——用于系列晶体学的固定目标样品递送工作台。
x射线自由电子激光(XFEL)光源和一系列晶体学方法的发展导致了蛋白质晶体学的一场革命,使人们能够确定以前无法获得的蛋白质结构,以及衍射较差的蛋白质晶体的近原子分辨率。然而,为了有效地利用XFEL源,需要将大量难以处理的微晶连续、快速地输送到x射线束。本文详细讨论了最近开发的一种固定靶系统,其中感兴趣的晶体被封装在样品支架内,样品支架通过x射线束光栅化。固定靶易于使用,保持样品水合,并且可以容易地进行修改,以允许广泛的样品类型和不同的束线要求。最近的创新表明,这种基于微流体的固定靶标有潜力成为系列晶体学测量的全方位“主力军”。该观点将总结用于串行晶体学的微流体固定靶标的最新进展,检查未来发展的需求,并指导用户为其系统设计、选择和使用固定靶标样品递送装置。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biomicrofluidics
Biomicrofluidics 生物-纳米科技
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
3.10%
发文量
68
审稿时长
1.3 months
期刊介绍: Biomicrofluidics (BMF) is an online-only journal published by AIP Publishing to rapidly disseminate research in fundamental physicochemical mechanisms associated with microfluidic and nanofluidic phenomena. BMF also publishes research in unique microfluidic and nanofluidic techniques for diagnostic, medical, biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, and chemical applications. BMF offers quick publication, multimedia capability, and worldwide circulation among academic, national, and industrial laboratories. With a primary focus on high-quality original research articles, BMF also organizes special sections that help explain and define specific challenges unique to the interdisciplinary field of biomicrofluidics. Microfluidic and nanofluidic actuation (electrokinetics, acoustofluidics, optofluidics, capillary) Liquid Biopsy (microRNA profiling, circulating tumor cell isolation, exosome isolation, circulating tumor DNA quantification) Cell sorting, manipulation, and transfection (di/electrophoresis, magnetic beads, optical traps, electroporation) Molecular Separation and Concentration (isotachophoresis, concentration polarization, di/electrophoresis, magnetic beads, nanoparticles) Cell culture and analysis(single cell assays, stimuli response, stem cell transfection) Genomic and proteomic analysis (rapid gene sequencing, DNA/protein/carbohydrate arrays) Biosensors (immuno-assay, nucleic acid fluorescent assay, colorimetric assay, enzyme amplification, plasmonic and Raman nano-reporter, molecular beacon, FRET, aptamer, nanopore, optical fibers) Biophysical transport and characterization (DNA, single protein, ion channel and membrane dynamics, cell motility and communication mechanisms, electrophysiology, patch clamping). Etc...
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