Efficiency Determinants of Regional Innovation Systems in Polish Subregions

Abstract

In the current knowledge-based economy paradigm, it is innovativeness that may enable lagging regions to be as competitive as more developed regions. The innovation and efficiency of regional innovation systems (RISs) are crucial for enhancing economic development. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) with environmental factors, we conducted an assessment of the efficiency of RISs in Polish subregions. On this basis, a list was drawn up of efficient subregions with strong innovation as well as efficient regions with weak innovation. The results confirm that, in most cases, Polish subregions are not using their full potential. While estimating the panel model, RIS features that influenced efficiency were identified, and the positive impact of the innovative milieu, spatial proximity and the share of industry in value added were confirmed. The negative impact of unemployment and factors reflecting the low level of social capital were identified. The obtained results may be the basis for formulating an appropriate innovation policy at the regional level, especially in Central and Eastern European countries. We suggest that the use