Co-deposition of Graphene Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles for the Voltammetric Sensing of Chlorpheniramine

Abstract

Chlorpheniramine (CPM) is a widely used antihistamine drug that may be desirable to quantify in a variety of samples. We developed a CPM electrochemical sensor based on a composite of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) coated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was used as a surfactant to prevent the aggregation of AgNPs. rGO and AgNPs were co-electrodeposited by cyclic voltammetry, varying the potential from -1.5 to 1.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl 3 M KCl. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrode were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The rGO/AgNPs/GCE showed excellent electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of CPM. The anodic peak potential, measured using CV, was 0.78 V vs. Ag/AgCl in a carbonate-bicarbonate buffer of pH 10. The modified electrode exhibited a linear response for CPM concentrations between 10 and 300 μM, with a limit of detection of 4.2 μM. Several potentially interfering species, including ionic and organic compounds, did not have any significant effect on the CPM determination. This work thus describes a versatile sensor that could be applied to measure CPM in real samples.