{"title":"ESTIMASI PARAMETER a-VALUE DAN b-VALUE UNTUK ANALISIS STUDI SEISMISITAS DAN POTENSI BAHAYA BENCANA GEMPA TEKTONIK DI WILAYAH MALUKU UTARA","authors":"Hilda Risanti, T. Prastowo","doi":"10.26740/ifi.v10n1.p1-10","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstrak \nStudi seismisitas dan analisis potensi bahaya bencana seismik di wilayah Maluku Utara dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan parameter a-value dan b-value di wilayah tersebut. Kedua parameter mendiskripsikan level seismisitas dan akumulasi stres mekanik yang disimpan oleh batuan geologi bawah permukaan di wilayah tersebut. Secara prinsip, parameter a-value dan b-value ditentukan dari distribusi frekuensi-magnitudo gempa melalui hukum Gutenberg-Richter. Dalam penelitian ini, hukum Gutenberg-Richter diterapkan pada sumber gempa tektonik dari katalog gempa USGS (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/) selama 2009-2019 dengan kedalaman mencapai 551 km dan variasi magnitudo . Kedua parameter dihitung dengan metode least-squares dan maximum likelihood, di mana perbedaan signifikan a-value dan b-value menurut kedua metode tersebut merefleksikan level akurasi kedua metode tersebut. Metode maximum likelihood memberikan a-value dan b-value yang lebih akurat karena melibatkan penapisan data sebelum proses pengolahan data. Persamaan empiris Gutenberg-Richter yang diperoleh dari metode maximum likelihood adalah , di mana a = 9,73 dan b = 1,39 dengan adalah jumlah kejadian gempa dan adalah gempa dengan magnitudo lebih besar dari (batas bawah magnitudo di mana hukum Gutenberg-Richter berlaku valid). Analisis variasi spasial dan temporal b-value serta variasi spasial a-value berhasil merekonstruksi 3 kejadian gempa relatif besar antara 2009-2019. Kombinasi temuan b-value ≈ 1,4, a-value ≈ 9,7 dan a-value (annual) ≈ 8,7 dengan bantuan ZMAP6,0 menunjukkan bahwa seluruh wilayah Maluku Utara merupakan wilayah yang rentan terhadap bencana gempa dengan frekuensi gempa tinggi yang dipicu seismisitas relatif tinggi di wilayah tersebut. Temuan ini memicu peningkatan kesadaran dan kesiagaan terhadap potensi bahaya bencana gempa tektonik di Maluku Utara. \n \nKata Kunci: seismisitas, bencana seismik, a-value, b-value, hukum Gutenberg-Richter \nAbstract \nSeismic studies and corresponding seismic hazard analysis in North Maluku can be performed using determination of a-value and b-value parameters. These parameters describe seismicity level and mechanical stress accumulated in subsurface structure in the region of interest. In principle, a-value and b-value were obtained from frequency-magnitude distribution provided by Gutenberg-Richter law. In this study, this law was generated using earthquake datasets from USGS at http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/, where events occurred between 2009-2019 with varying magnitudes and depths to 551 km. The methods included the least-squares and maximum likelihood, where significant differences in the parameters acquired reflect levels of accuracy. The maximum likelihood method yielded accurate results for a-value and b-value due to data declustering prior to data processing. The Gutenberg-Richter law in a log-linear expression was obtained, where a = 9.73 and b = 1.39 with is the cumulative number of occurence and denotes events with magnitudes greater than (defined as the magnitude at which the lower end of the distribution starts to deviate from the Gutenberg-Richter law). Analysis of spatial and temporal variations of b-value and spatial variation of a-value successfully reconstructed 3 occurrences of large magnitudes during 2009-2019. A combined finding of b-value ≈ 1,4, a-value ≈ 9,7 dan a-value (annual) ≈ 8,7 by ZMAP6.0 found for North Maluku reveals that the whole parts of the region are vulnerable to tectonic earthquakes with high frequency owing to relatively high seismicity. This calls for increased awareness of and preparedness for possible seismic threats in North Maluku. \n \nKeywords: seismicity, seismic hazard, a-value, b-value, Gutenberg-Richter law","PeriodicalId":56254,"journal":{"name":"Inovasi Fisika Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Inovasi Fisika Indonesia","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.26740/ifi.v10n1.p1-10","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
Abstrak
Studi seismisitas dan analisis potensi bahaya bencana seismik di wilayah Maluku Utara dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan parameter a-value dan b-value di wilayah tersebut. Kedua parameter mendiskripsikan level seismisitas dan akumulasi stres mekanik yang disimpan oleh batuan geologi bawah permukaan di wilayah tersebut. Secara prinsip, parameter a-value dan b-value ditentukan dari distribusi frekuensi-magnitudo gempa melalui hukum Gutenberg-Richter. Dalam penelitian ini, hukum Gutenberg-Richter diterapkan pada sumber gempa tektonik dari katalog gempa USGS (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/) selama 2009-2019 dengan kedalaman mencapai 551 km dan variasi magnitudo . Kedua parameter dihitung dengan metode least-squares dan maximum likelihood, di mana perbedaan signifikan a-value dan b-value menurut kedua metode tersebut merefleksikan level akurasi kedua metode tersebut. Metode maximum likelihood memberikan a-value dan b-value yang lebih akurat karena melibatkan penapisan data sebelum proses pengolahan data. Persamaan empiris Gutenberg-Richter yang diperoleh dari metode maximum likelihood adalah , di mana a = 9,73 dan b = 1,39 dengan adalah jumlah kejadian gempa dan adalah gempa dengan magnitudo lebih besar dari (batas bawah magnitudo di mana hukum Gutenberg-Richter berlaku valid). Analisis variasi spasial dan temporal b-value serta variasi spasial a-value berhasil merekonstruksi 3 kejadian gempa relatif besar antara 2009-2019. Kombinasi temuan b-value ≈ 1,4, a-value ≈ 9,7 dan a-value (annual) ≈ 8,7 dengan bantuan ZMAP6,0 menunjukkan bahwa seluruh wilayah Maluku Utara merupakan wilayah yang rentan terhadap bencana gempa dengan frekuensi gempa tinggi yang dipicu seismisitas relatif tinggi di wilayah tersebut. Temuan ini memicu peningkatan kesadaran dan kesiagaan terhadap potensi bahaya bencana gempa tektonik di Maluku Utara.
Kata Kunci: seismisitas, bencana seismik, a-value, b-value, hukum Gutenberg-Richter
Abstract
Seismic studies and corresponding seismic hazard analysis in North Maluku can be performed using determination of a-value and b-value parameters. These parameters describe seismicity level and mechanical stress accumulated in subsurface structure in the region of interest. In principle, a-value and b-value were obtained from frequency-magnitude distribution provided by Gutenberg-Richter law. In this study, this law was generated using earthquake datasets from USGS at http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/, where events occurred between 2009-2019 with varying magnitudes and depths to 551 km. The methods included the least-squares and maximum likelihood, where significant differences in the parameters acquired reflect levels of accuracy. The maximum likelihood method yielded accurate results for a-value and b-value due to data declustering prior to data processing. The Gutenberg-Richter law in a log-linear expression was obtained, where a = 9.73 and b = 1.39 with is the cumulative number of occurence and denotes events with magnitudes greater than (defined as the magnitude at which the lower end of the distribution starts to deviate from the Gutenberg-Richter law). Analysis of spatial and temporal variations of b-value and spatial variation of a-value successfully reconstructed 3 occurrences of large magnitudes during 2009-2019. A combined finding of b-value ≈ 1,4, a-value ≈ 9,7 dan a-value (annual) ≈ 8,7 by ZMAP6.0 found for North Maluku reveals that the whole parts of the region are vulnerable to tectonic earthquakes with high frequency owing to relatively high seismicity. This calls for increased awareness of and preparedness for possible seismic threats in North Maluku.
Keywords: seismicity, seismic hazard, a-value, b-value, Gutenberg-Richter law