Depression, Anxiety, and Stress with and without COVID-19 Infection

IF 0.3 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI:10.1055/s-0043-1768589
Snigdha Sinha, Alphonsa Jose K, S. Baboo
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Abstract

Abstract Objectives  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects the respiratory system predominantly. However, post-COVID recovery, many manifested neurological and psychological symptoms, unrelated to the respiratory system. We aimed to estimate psychological impairment in individuals who were infected with COVID-19 in comparison with two uninfected control groups, and between different age cohorts. Materials and Methods  We compared three groups with respect to COVID-19—those infected, those not infected but witness to someone infected, and those neither infected nor witness to anyone infected, along with age cohort comparison. The standard Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale - 42 items (DASS 42) questionnaire, with additional questions were answered by 301 participants. Statistical Analysis  SPSS was used for analyses, with Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and Tukey's post hoc test. Results  Significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were found in the infected group than in the uninfected groups, and significant difference was found between the older age cohorts (50 and above) of each group. The percentages of the infected group with severe to very severe depression, anxiety, and stress were higher than the other groups. Conclusion  There is greater psychological impairment in individuals post-COVID recovery, and there is higher impairment in the older age cohort that is recovered, compared to controls.
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无论是否感染COVID-19,抑郁、焦虑和压力
抽象目标 2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)主要影响呼吸系统。然而,在新冠肺炎康复后,许多人表现出与呼吸系统无关的神经和心理症状。我们旨在评估新冠肺炎感染者与两个未感染对照组以及不同年龄组之间的心理障碍。材料和方法 我们比较了三组COVID-19感染者、未感染但见证感染者、既未感染也未见证感染者,以及年龄组比较。301名参与者回答了标准的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-42项(DASS 42)问卷以及其他问题。统计分析 SPSS用于分析,包括Mann–Whitney U检验、Kruskal–Wallis检验和Tukey的post-hoc检验。后果 感染组的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平明显高于未感染组,各组年龄较大的人群(50岁及以上)之间存在显著差异。重度至极重度抑郁、焦虑和压力的感染组的百分比高于其他组。结论 与对照组相比,新冠肺炎康复后的个体心理障碍更大,康复的老年群体心理障碍更高。
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来源期刊
Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU
Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
自引率
33.30%
发文量
85
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