Background Language and culture-specific speech perception tests help in the assessment of children's linguistic proficiency and comprehension. Recognizing difficulties in speech perception and implementing interventions in challenging auditory conditions are pivotal for their holistic development. Objective The aim of this study was to develop a speech perception in noise test in Marathi using trisyllabic words for children between the age ranges of 3 and 6 years. Method The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase comprised the development of trisyllabic word recognition in noise test in Marathi and the second phase comprised administration of the test on 90 typically developing normal hearing children aged 3 to 6 years. These children were divided into three groups (group A: >3–4 years; group B: >4–5 years; and group C: >5–6 years), with 30 participants in each group. Results As the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases, children across different age range show an improvement in their speech perception scores. Also, young children require a more favorable SNR compared with older children to effectively comprehend speech in noisy conditions. Conclusion The Trisyllabic word recognition in noise test will help in optimizing classroom acoustics for typical developing and hearing-impaired children. An SNR-based evaluation can provide guidance regarding interventions, amplification decisions, and auditory training, ensuring effective education and communication for children with hearing impairment.
{"title":"Development of Trisyllabic Word Recognition in Noise Test for Marathi-Speaking Children","authors":"Ayushi Pathak, Nikita Nanavati","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788679","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background Language and culture-specific speech perception tests help in the assessment of children's linguistic proficiency and comprehension. Recognizing difficulties in speech perception and implementing interventions in challenging auditory conditions are pivotal for their holistic development.\u0000 Objective The aim of this study was to develop a speech perception in noise test in Marathi using trisyllabic words for children between the age ranges of 3 and 6 years.\u0000 Method The study was conducted in two phases. The first phase comprised the development of trisyllabic word recognition in noise test in Marathi and the second phase comprised administration of the test on 90 typically developing normal hearing children aged 3 to 6 years. These children were divided into three groups (group A: >3–4 years; group B: >4–5 years; and group C: >5–6 years), with 30 participants in each group.\u0000 Results As the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases, children across different age range show an improvement in their speech perception scores. Also, young children require a more favorable SNR compared with older children to effectively comprehend speech in noisy conditions.\u0000 Conclusion The Trisyllabic word recognition in noise test will help in optimizing classroom acoustics for typical developing and hearing-impaired children. An SNR-based evaluation can provide guidance regarding interventions, amplification decisions, and auditory training, ensuring effective education and communication for children with hearing impairment.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141806399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Bicytopenia (BC) is a reduction in counts in any of two cell lineages of blood, which can be a combination of anemia with thrombocytopenia, anemia with leukopenia, or leukopenia with thrombocytopenia. The etiology of BC can be a malignancy, nonmalignant disease, infectious cause, or drug-induced. Aim To assess the clinicohematological profile in patients with BC. Materials and Methods This prospective study was conducted in the hematology laboratory at the Justice K.S. Hegde Charitable Hospital. Patients with BC detected during the analysis of blood for any clinical condition were included in the study. Blood parameters assessed were hemoglobin, red blood cell count, total leukocyte count, and platelet count. Results In this study, 86 patients' samples with BC were collected, out of which 55.8% were male, and 44.2% were female. The most common BC was anemia with thrombocytopenia (69.8%). The most common etiology of BC was found to be nonmalignant (37.2%), followed by malignant (37.2%), infectious (25.6%), and drug-induced (4.7%) cases. Most of the patients with BC presented with fever, pallor, and generalized weakness. Conclusion Anemia with thrombocytopenia emerged as the predominant form of BC in the nonmalignant group, while the malignant etiology group presented with anemia with leukopenia. The infectious etiology group presented with leukopenia with thrombocytopenia. Neonatal sepsis emerged as the most prevalent cause of BC in the age group younger than 10 years, viral fever in the age group of 10 to 39 years, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the age group of older than 70 years, and chronic liver disease in patients aged between 40 and 69 years.
背景 双血细胞减少症（BC）是指血液中两个细胞系中任何一个细胞的计数减少，可以是贫血伴血小板减少症、贫血伴白细胞减少症或白细胞减少伴血小板减少症的组合。BC 的病因可能是恶性肿瘤、非恶性疾病、感染或药物。目的 评估 BC 患者的临床血液学特征。材料和方法 这项前瞻性研究在 Justice K.S. Hegde 慈善医院的血液学实验室进行。研究对象包括在血液分析中发现的任何临床症状的 BC 患者。评估的血液参数包括血红蛋白、红细胞计数、白细胞总数和血小板计数。结果 本研究共收集了 86 例 BC 患者样本，其中 55.8% 为男性，44.2% 为女性。最常见的 BC 是贫血伴血小板减少（69.8%）。BC 最常见的病因是非恶性（37.2%），其次是恶性（37.2%）、感染（25.6%）和药物诱发（4.7%）。大多数 BC 患者表现为发热、面色苍白和全身无力。结论 贫血伴血小板减少是非恶性组 BC 的主要表现形式，而恶性病因组则表现为贫血伴白细胞减少。感染病因组表现为白细胞减少伴血小板减少。新生儿败血症是 10 岁以下年龄组 BC 最常见的病因，病毒性发热是 10 至 39 岁年龄组 BC 最常见的病因，急性淋巴细胞白血病是 70 岁以上年龄组 BC 最常见的病因，慢性肝病是 40 至 69 岁年龄组 BC 最常见的病因。
{"title":"Clinicohematological Profile of Patients with Bicytopenia","authors":"Najib Muaamer Faed Murshed, S. Bhat","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788619","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background Bicytopenia (BC) is a reduction in counts in any of two cell lineages of blood, which can be a combination of anemia with thrombocytopenia, anemia with leukopenia, or leukopenia with thrombocytopenia. The etiology of BC can be a malignancy, nonmalignant disease, infectious cause, or drug-induced.\u0000 Aim To assess the clinicohematological profile in patients with BC.\u0000 Materials and Methods This prospective study was conducted in the hematology laboratory at the Justice K.S. Hegde Charitable Hospital. Patients with BC detected during the analysis of blood for any clinical condition were included in the study. Blood parameters assessed were hemoglobin, red blood cell count, total leukocyte count, and platelet count.\u0000 Results In this study, 86 patients' samples with BC were collected, out of which 55.8% were male, and 44.2% were female. The most common BC was anemia with thrombocytopenia (69.8%). The most common etiology of BC was found to be nonmalignant (37.2%), followed by malignant (37.2%), infectious (25.6%), and drug-induced (4.7%) cases. Most of the patients with BC presented with fever, pallor, and generalized weakness.\u0000 Conclusion Anemia with thrombocytopenia emerged as the predominant form of BC in the nonmalignant group, while the malignant etiology group presented with anemia with leukopenia. The infectious etiology group presented with leukopenia with thrombocytopenia. Neonatal sepsis emerged as the most prevalent cause of BC in the age group younger than 10 years, viral fever in the age group of 10 to 39 years, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the age group of older than 70 years, and chronic liver disease in patients aged between 40 and 69 years.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141812368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents challenges in social interaction and communication, particularly in the context of orthodontic treatment where patients may experience heightened anxiety. This case report introduces an innovative approach that utilizes video self-modeling (VSM) to address these challenges and enhance the orthodontic treatment experience for adolescents with ASD. Case Report An 11-year-old female patient with ASD required orthodontic treatment. Conventional behavioral guidance techniques were unsuccessful because of the patient's anxiety and sensory sensitivity. Utilizing VSM, we crafted personalized video content to illustrate the dental procedure, significantly alleviating patient's fear and anxiety. This approach led to the successful completion of her orthodontic treatment. Conclusion This case report underscores the effectiveness of VSM as a valuable behavioral guidance technique in orthodontic treatment for adolescents with ASD. By alleviating anxiety and fear, VSM has the potential to significantly enhance the dental care experience and promote improved oral health and well-being in this specific patient population.
{"title":"Reducing Fear and Enhancing Aesthetics: Orthodontic Management with Video Self-Modeling in an Adolescent with Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Kripa Dutta, Swagata Saha, Harshita Reddy, Ngangbam Reenayai, Rajmohan Y Shetty, Kavita Rai, Manju Raman Nair","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788051","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents challenges in social interaction and communication, particularly in the context of orthodontic treatment where patients may experience heightened anxiety. This case report introduces an innovative approach that utilizes video self-modeling (VSM) to address these challenges and enhance the orthodontic treatment experience for adolescents with ASD.\u0000 Case Report An 11-year-old female patient with ASD required orthodontic treatment. Conventional behavioral guidance techniques were unsuccessful because of the patient's anxiety and sensory sensitivity. Utilizing VSM, we crafted personalized video content to illustrate the dental procedure, significantly alleviating patient's fear and anxiety. This approach led to the successful completion of her orthodontic treatment.\u0000 Conclusion This case report underscores the effectiveness of VSM as a valuable behavioral guidance technique in orthodontic treatment for adolescents with ASD. By alleviating anxiety and fear, VSM has the potential to significantly enhance the dental care experience and promote improved oral health and well-being in this specific patient population.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Recent studies have identified immunonutritional indexes such as hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet (HALP) score, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in various malignancies. However, there is a lack of studies to indicate whether the immune-nutritional indexes can predict the prognosis of patients with pineal region tumors. The objective was to estimate the prognostication of immune-nutritional indexes in patients with pineal region tumors. Methods A retrospective cohort investigation involving 51 patients with pineal region tumors was conducted. Therefore, the HALP score, PNI, and NLR were measured for each patient before surgery. The association between the immune-nutritional indexes and prognosis was analyzed using Cox hazard regression. Results For the total cohort, 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival probabilities were 92% (95% confidence interval [CI] 85–99.8), 92% (95% CI 85–99.8), and 81% (95% CI 70–94.1), respectively. HALP scores were positively associated with survival benefits. At the cutoff threshold of 22.6, the high-HALP group had a significantly longer survival time than the low-HALP group (hazard ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.06–1.00, p -value 0.05). Conclusion The preoperative HALP score is an independent prognostic factor for patients diagnosed with pineal region tumors. Furthermore, prospective multicenter studies ought to be performed in the future to externally validate the immunonutritional indexes' prognostication.
{"title":"The Prognostic Value of Immunonutritional Indexes in Pineal Region Tumor","authors":"Suchada Supbumrung, Anukoon Kaewborisutsakul, Thara Tunthanathip","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788067","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Recent studies have identified immunonutritional indexes such as hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte–platelet (HALP) score, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in various malignancies. However, there is a lack of studies to indicate whether the immune-nutritional indexes can predict the prognosis of patients with pineal region tumors. The objective was to estimate the prognostication of immune-nutritional indexes in patients with pineal region tumors. Methods A retrospective cohort investigation involving 51 patients with pineal region tumors was conducted. Therefore, the HALP score, PNI, and NLR were measured for each patient before surgery. The association between the immune-nutritional indexes and prognosis was analyzed using Cox hazard regression. Results For the total cohort, 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival probabilities were 92% (95% confidence interval [CI] 85–99.8), 92% (95% CI 85–99.8), and 81% (95% CI 70–94.1), respectively. HALP scores were positively associated with survival benefits. At the cutoff threshold of 22.6, the high-HALP group had a significantly longer survival time than the low-HALP group (hazard ratio 0.25, 95% CI 0.06–1.00, p -value 0.05). Conclusion The preoperative HALP score is an independent prognostic factor for patients diagnosed with pineal region tumors. Furthermore, prospective multicenter studies ought to be performed in the future to externally validate the immunonutritional indexes' prognostication.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141675995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy of various irrigants (5.25% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] followed by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] and 0.2% chitosan nanoparticle [NP]) and different irrigation techniques (conventional and EndoVac) for the removal of Metapex from the apical third of the root canal by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Materials and Methods Forty extracted single-rooted human premolars were instrumented using a rotary ProTaper file system up to F3. The canals were dried and Metapex was placed inside the root canal. The access cavity was sealed with a cotton pellet and Cavit followed by the storage of specimens at 37°C at 100% humidity for 1 week. Cavit was removed and the samples were divided into: Group 1 (conventional irrigation using 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, n = 10), Group 2 (conventional irrigation using 0.2% chitosan NP, n = 10), Group 3 (EndoVac using 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, n = 10), and Group 4 (EndoVac using 0.2% chitosan NP, n = 10). After irrigant activation, the roots were divided in half, and the apical third of one-half of each tooth was subjected to SEM analysis. A five-graded scoring scale was used to evaluate dentinal wall cleanliness. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results There were statistically significant differences in mean canal cleanliness scores observed between the four groups. Chitosan NPs showed lower mean canal cleanliness scores at the apical one-third of the root canal indicating better cleanliness when compared with the other irrigants and techniques. Conclusion None of the irrigation techniques was successful in entirely removing the calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament from the apical third.
{"title":"Comparison of Various Irrigation Techniques for the Removal of Silicone Oil-Based Calcium Hydroxide Intracanal Medicament from the Apical Third: An SEM Study","authors":"S. Saji, Chitharanjan Shetty, Gurmeen Kaur, Sunheri Bajpe, Chandraprabha Chandraprabha, Rashi Shroff, Shazeena Qaiser, Surabhi Gupta","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788066","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy of various irrigants (5.25% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] followed by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] and 0.2% chitosan nanoparticle [NP]) and different irrigation techniques (conventional and EndoVac) for the removal of Metapex from the apical third of the root canal by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Materials and Methods Forty extracted single-rooted human premolars were instrumented using a rotary ProTaper file system up to F3. The canals were dried and Metapex was placed inside the root canal. The access cavity was sealed with a cotton pellet and Cavit followed by the storage of specimens at 37°C at 100% humidity for 1 week. Cavit was removed and the samples were divided into: Group 1 (conventional irrigation using 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, n = 10), Group 2 (conventional irrigation using 0.2% chitosan NP, n = 10), Group 3 (EndoVac using 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, n = 10), and Group 4 (EndoVac using 0.2% chitosan NP, n = 10). After irrigant activation, the roots were divided in half, and the apical third of one-half of each tooth was subjected to SEM analysis. A five-graded scoring scale was used to evaluate dentinal wall cleanliness. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results There were statistically significant differences in mean canal cleanliness scores observed between the four groups. Chitosan NPs showed lower mean canal cleanliness scores at the apical one-third of the root canal indicating better cleanliness when compared with the other irrigants and techniques. Conclusion None of the irrigation techniques was successful in entirely removing the calcium hydroxide intracanal medicament from the apical third.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141673913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selinamma Devasia, S. Nayak, Sujaya V. Rao, Neetha Kamath
Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization encourages initiation of breastfeeding soon after birth, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months, and continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age. Material and Methods This pilot study was done on 30 primiparous women between 37 and 40 weeks of gestation. Mothers of intervention group were given lactation counseling using a module and a demo before delivery and face-to-face counseling for 3 days, whereas mothers of control group received routine care. Immediate initiation of breastfeeding and lactation outcome was measured using structured validated tools. Results Significant difference was found at the initiation of breastfeeding between the groups ( t = 8.529; p < 0.001) and in the lactation outcome, which was observed by the infant breastfeeding observation tool on the third day ( Z = –4.269), fourth day ( Z = –4.681), and fifth day ( Z = –4.667) at p < 0.001 level. None of the babies of mothers who received lactation counseling and immediate initiation of breastfeeding had exaggerated jaundice whereas 53.33% of infants in the control group (group 1) developed exaggerated jaundice within the first 48 hours. All the babies of the intervention group were on EBF up to 6 months whereas only 46.66% of infants of the control group had EBF for the first 3 months and 40% in the 4th month and 20% in 5th and 6th month. Conclusion Our research supports the need of lactation counseling for better initiation of breastfeeding and lactation.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Lactation Counseling on Lactation Outcome among Primipara Mothers: A Pilot Study","authors":"Selinamma Devasia, S. Nayak, Sujaya V. Rao, Neetha Kamath","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction The World Health Organization encourages initiation of breastfeeding soon after birth, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first 6 months, and continued breastfeeding up to 2 years of age. Material and Methods This pilot study was done on 30 primiparous women between 37 and 40 weeks of gestation. Mothers of intervention group were given lactation counseling using a module and a demo before delivery and face-to-face counseling for 3 days, whereas mothers of control group received routine care. Immediate initiation of breastfeeding and lactation outcome was measured using structured validated tools. Results Significant difference was found at the initiation of breastfeeding between the groups ( t = 8.529; p < 0.001) and in the lactation outcome, which was observed by the infant breastfeeding observation tool on the third day ( Z = –4.269), fourth day ( Z = –4.681), and fifth day ( Z = –4.667) at p < 0.001 level. None of the babies of mothers who received lactation counseling and immediate initiation of breastfeeding had exaggerated jaundice whereas 53.33% of infants in the control group (group 1) developed exaggerated jaundice within the first 48 hours. All the babies of the intervention group were on EBF up to 6 months whereas only 46.66% of infants of the control group had EBF for the first 3 months and 40% in the 4th month and 20% in 5th and 6th month. Conclusion Our research supports the need of lactation counseling for better initiation of breastfeeding and lactation.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141678610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Muhammad, Yusuff Tunde Gbonjubola, Monsur Olalekan Jamiu, A. Abiodun
Abstract Background Medical school is one of the most academically and emotionally demanding programs. The mandatory house job and internship year adds to the already high level of stress associated with medical school. The amount of time and effort invested is considerable. This dedication could be harmful to the young trainees' health, causing worry, despair, and stress. This study was undertaken to determine the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress among interns and house officers in Nigeria. Materials and Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey in which 138 participants were conveniently recruited. The study used a self-report questionnaire with two sections that took approximately 10 minutes to complete. The first section collected sociodemographic information of the participants and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used in the second segment to assess depression, anxiety, and stress. Results The rate of depression, anxiety, and stress among the participants in this study is 37.3, 42.5, and 15.7%, respectively. In this study, only duration of training has significant association with depression and stress ( p < 0.05). However, all other sociodemographic variables showed no significant association with depression, anxiety, and stress ( p > 0.05). Conclusion The significantly high level of depression, anxiety, and stress found among the participants revealed that depression, anxiety, and stress are of public mental health concern. These may have negative effects on cognitive functioning, learning, and patient care.
{"title":"Rate of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Interns/House Officers in Nigeria","authors":"D. Muhammad, Yusuff Tunde Gbonjubola, Monsur Olalekan Jamiu, A. Abiodun","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Medical school is one of the most academically and emotionally demanding programs. The mandatory house job and internship year adds to the already high level of stress associated with medical school. The amount of time and effort invested is considerable. This dedication could be harmful to the young trainees' health, causing worry, despair, and stress. This study was undertaken to determine the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress among interns and house officers in Nigeria. Materials and Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional survey in which 138 participants were conveniently recruited. The study used a self-report questionnaire with two sections that took approximately 10 minutes to complete. The first section collected sociodemographic information of the participants and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used in the second segment to assess depression, anxiety, and stress. Results The rate of depression, anxiety, and stress among the participants in this study is 37.3, 42.5, and 15.7%, respectively. In this study, only duration of training has significant association with depression and stress ( p < 0.05). However, all other sociodemographic variables showed no significant association with depression, anxiety, and stress ( p > 0.05). Conclusion The significantly high level of depression, anxiety, and stress found among the participants revealed that depression, anxiety, and stress are of public mental health concern. These may have negative effects on cognitive functioning, learning, and patient care.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141685173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Khan, Saeed Akhtar, Iqra Akram, Asher Abdur Rehman, T. Ismail
Abstract Objectives Camel milk is gaining popularity worldwide owing to its unique biochemical composition and therapeutic benefits. In persona to available data on camel milk's potential health attributes against noncommunicable diseases, this study examined camel milk's effect on hepatic and renal biomarkers of milk consumers. Materials and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 camel nomads in the periurban areas of South Punjab, Pakistan. Structured questionnaire based on sociodemographic, dietary assessment, and blood sampling was done following simple random sampling technique to evaluate hematological, hepatic, and renal biomarkers. Results The results indicate hematological parameters including mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) to vary significantly between camel and cow milk consumers. Comparatively higher mean values of MCH, MCHC, and MCV, that is, 29.55 pg, 32.76 g/dL, and 89.61 fL, respectively, in male camel milk consumers than in females of the same group were observed. Camel milk consumption for the extended duration was found to anticipate significantly ( p < 0.05) higher total serum protein contents, 17.38 g/dL in males and 15.23 g/dL in females than observed in cow milk consumers. Conclusion The study validates that camel milk chronic consumption impacts some hematological changes to a significant level while indicating nonsignificant changes in renal and hepatic markers. Our study entertained sample population from one camel rearing region of the country. To better understand preventive and therapeutic properties of camel milk consumption against hepatic or renal disorders, sample populations from different regions may be enrolled and monitored for camel milk consumption, dietary patterns, and disease prevalence.
{"title":"Impact of Long-Term Camel Milk Consumption on Hepatic and Renal Biomarkers of Camel Nomads—An Observational Cross-Sectional Study from Southern Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Maria Khan, Saeed Akhtar, Iqra Akram, Asher Abdur Rehman, T. Ismail","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787559","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Camel milk is gaining popularity worldwide owing to its unique biochemical composition and therapeutic benefits. In persona to available data on camel milk's potential health attributes against noncommunicable diseases, this study examined camel milk's effect on hepatic and renal biomarkers of milk consumers. Materials and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 camel nomads in the periurban areas of South Punjab, Pakistan. Structured questionnaire based on sociodemographic, dietary assessment, and blood sampling was done following simple random sampling technique to evaluate hematological, hepatic, and renal biomarkers. Results The results indicate hematological parameters including mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) to vary significantly between camel and cow milk consumers. Comparatively higher mean values of MCH, MCHC, and MCV, that is, 29.55 pg, 32.76 g/dL, and 89.61 fL, respectively, in male camel milk consumers than in females of the same group were observed. Camel milk consumption for the extended duration was found to anticipate significantly ( p < 0.05) higher total serum protein contents, 17.38 g/dL in males and 15.23 g/dL in females than observed in cow milk consumers. Conclusion The study validates that camel milk chronic consumption impacts some hematological changes to a significant level while indicating nonsignificant changes in renal and hepatic markers. Our study entertained sample population from one camel rearing region of the country. To better understand preventive and therapeutic properties of camel milk consumption against hepatic or renal disorders, sample populations from different regions may be enrolled and monitored for camel milk consumption, dietary patterns, and disease prevalence.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141352822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shridhar Narayan Deshpande, R. Bc, K. Khot, Gupta Dheeraj Rajesh, Cynthia Lizzie Lobo
Abstract In the current study, a straightforward high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) approach was developed and validated to identify a novel drug compound called 5-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine (A3). By putting the compound's solution under hydrolytic, oxidative, and photolytic stress, the method's capacity to detect stability was put to the test. A gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile, orthophosphoric acid, and methanol (90:051:05 v/v), at a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min, was used for the chromatographic separation on a C18 column (Promosil, 5μ, 4.60 250 mm), which was maintained at 40°C and a photodiode array detector was used for detection. At concentrations between 10 and 100.00 μg/mL, Beer's rule was observed. The recovery (99.25–100%, standard deviation [SD] 5%), intraday accuracy and precision (98.62–99.91%, relative standard deviation [RSD] 5%), interday accuracy and precision (96.25–99.91%, RSD 5%), and intermediate accuracy and precision (98.10–99.91%, RSD 5%) all indicated that the developed method was reliable, repeatable, reproducible, and robust. In cases of thermal and moisture deterioration, respectively, the compound's peak resolution and selectivity factors from the nearest resolving peak revealed specificity and selectivity. The selected synthesized compound barely broke down under oxidative and alkaline hydrolytic stress. However, the compound was resistant to photolysis in neutral and acidic environments. The results of this study demonstrate the sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity of the established approach for quality control, stability testing, and preformulation investigations.
{"title":"RP-HPLC-DAD Method Development and Validation for 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivative to Evaluate Its Forced Degradation Behavior and Stability","authors":"Shridhar Narayan Deshpande, R. Bc, K. Khot, Gupta Dheeraj Rajesh, Cynthia Lizzie Lobo","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1779616","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the current study, a straightforward high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) approach was developed and validated to identify a novel drug compound called 5-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine (A3). By putting the compound's solution under hydrolytic, oxidative, and photolytic stress, the method's capacity to detect stability was put to the test. A gradient mobile phase of acetonitrile, orthophosphoric acid, and methanol (90:051:05 v/v), at a flow rate of 1.00 mL/min, was used for the chromatographic separation on a C18 column (Promosil, 5μ, 4.60 250 mm), which was maintained at 40°C and a photodiode array detector was used for detection. At concentrations between 10 and 100.00 μg/mL, Beer's rule was observed. The recovery (99.25–100%, standard deviation [SD] 5%), intraday accuracy and precision (98.62–99.91%, relative standard deviation [RSD] 5%), interday accuracy and precision (96.25–99.91%, RSD 5%), and intermediate accuracy and precision (98.10–99.91%, RSD 5%) all indicated that the developed method was reliable, repeatable, reproducible, and robust. In cases of thermal and moisture deterioration, respectively, the compound's peak resolution and selectivity factors from the nearest resolving peak revealed specificity and selectivity. The selected synthesized compound barely broke down under oxidative and alkaline hydrolytic stress. However, the compound was resistant to photolysis in neutral and acidic environments. The results of this study demonstrate the sensitivity, specificity, and selectivity of the established approach for quality control, stability testing, and preformulation investigations.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141365507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepak Puttanna, Lorine Little Theresa, Akshaya Swamy
Abstract Objective Conceptual knowledge refers to understanding and interpreting concepts and their relationships. Lexical knowledge is the knowledge that can be expressed through words. It entails meaning of words and their relationships. Word retrieval impairments are the most radical deficits that restrict communicative functions for individuals with aphasia. The current study aimed to compare the conceptual and linguistic impairments associated with fluent and nonfluent persons with aphasia (PWAs). Materials and Methods A total of 15 PWAs were recruited for the study, out of which, 8 were fluent aphasia and 7 were nonfluent aphasia. One picture-based conceptual task (picture comparison judgments) and one verb-based linguistic task (word comparison judgments) were used as the experimental paradigm. Results and Conclusion The findings of the study showed no significant difference in the performance of conceptual and lexical retrieval abilities in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia. The current study highlights the fact that both conceptual and lexical retrieval impairments prevail in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia.
{"title":"Appraising the Conceptual and Lexical Retrieval in Persons with Fluent and Nonfluent Aphasia","authors":"Deepak Puttanna, Lorine Little Theresa, Akshaya Swamy","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787556","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Conceptual knowledge refers to understanding and interpreting concepts and their relationships. Lexical knowledge is the knowledge that can be expressed through words. It entails meaning of words and their relationships. Word retrieval impairments are the most radical deficits that restrict communicative functions for individuals with aphasia. The current study aimed to compare the conceptual and linguistic impairments associated with fluent and nonfluent persons with aphasia (PWAs). Materials and Methods A total of 15 PWAs were recruited for the study, out of which, 8 were fluent aphasia and 7 were nonfluent aphasia. One picture-based conceptual task (picture comparison judgments) and one verb-based linguistic task (word comparison judgments) were used as the experimental paradigm. Results and Conclusion The findings of the study showed no significant difference in the performance of conceptual and lexical retrieval abilities in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia. The current study highlights the fact that both conceptual and lexical retrieval impairments prevail in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia.","PeriodicalId":40092,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141372790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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