The efficacy of a single oral dose of albendazole against soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Ogun State, Nigeria

Q4 Immunology and Microbiology Nigerian Journal of Parasitology Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI:10.4314/njpar.v42i2.21
S. Sam-Wobo, A. Garba, J. Vlaminck, B. Levecke, O. N. Adekunle, O. Surakat
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Abstract

Soil Transmitted Helminths (STHs) are Neglected Tropical Diseases of global public health importance. This study evaluated the efficacy of albendazole (ALB) amongst primary school children aged 6 – 16 years in STH-endemic communities in Ogun State, Nigeria. Demographic characteristics were obtained and stool samples were collected and analysed by Kato-Katz at baseline and 15 and 21 days post-treatment. All study participants were treated with a single ALB 400 mg tablet. A total of 282 participants were screened at baseline, of which 151 were found to be excreting STH (51.4%) of which A. lumbricoides was the most prevalent STH (n = 137, 48.6%), followed by hookworm (n = 60 children, 21.3%) and T. trichiura (n = 3; 1.1%). The prevalence across the four schools varied from 31.3% to 73.9% for A. lumbricoides, from 6.8% to 56.3% for hookworm, and from 0.0% and 2.2% for T. trichiura  infections. Of the 151 children excreting any STH infection at baseline, 131 (86.8%) provided a stool sample 15 and 21 days after treatment. The mean fecal egg counts across these complete cases at baseline was 5,096 (± 13,735) eggs per gram (EPG) for A. lumbricoides, 2,202 (±7,849) for hookworms and 288 (±375) for T. trichiura. Fifteen days after drug administration the therapeutic efficacy, measured as the reduction in mean fecal egg count (FEC) following drug administration (ERR), was 99.7% (95CI: 99.4-99.9) for A. lumbricoides and 69.2% (95CI: 28.7-92.8) for hookworms. The hookworm ERR at day 14 was reduced due to the continued high egg output of one highly infected individual. One week later, 21 days following drug administration, ERR for hookworm also reached satisfactory levels (99.4% (95CI: 98.7-99.8)). This study highlights that ALB still shows satisfactory efficacy to Ascaris and hookworm infections in Ogun State, Nigeria.
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尼日利亚奥贡州单次口服阿苯达唑对土壤传播蠕虫病的疗效
土壤传播蠕虫是一种被忽视的热带疾病,具有全球公共卫生的重要性。本研究评估了阿苯达唑(ALB)在尼日利亚奥贡州STH流行社区6-16岁小学生中的疗效。Kato Katz在基线和治疗后15天和21天收集并分析了人口统计学特征和粪便样本。所有研究参与者均服用一片400 mg ALB片剂。共有282名参与者在基线时接受了筛查,其中151人排泄STH(51.4%),其中蛔虫是最常见的STH(n=137,48.6%),其次是钩虫(n=60,儿童21.3%)和毛毛虫(n=3;1.1%),毛滴虫感染分别为0.0%和2.2%。在151名在基线时排泄任何STH感染的儿童中,131名(86.8%)在治疗后15天和21天提供了粪便样本。在基线时,这些完整病例的平均粪卵计数为5096个(±13735)个/克(EPG)的蛔虫,2202个(±7849)的钩虫和288个(±375)的鞭虫。给药15天后,通过给药后平均粪卵计数(FEC)的减少(ERR)测量,治疗效果对蛔虫为99.7%(95CI:99.4-99.9),对钩虫为69.2%(95CI:28.7-92.8)。钩虫ERR在第14天由于一个高度感染个体的持续高卵子产量而降低。一周后,即给药21天后,钩虫的ERR也达到了令人满意的水平(99.4%(95CI:987-9.8))。本研究强调,ALB对尼日利亚奥贡州的蛔虫和钩虫感染仍然显示出令人满意的疗效。
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来源期刊
Nigerian Journal of Parasitology
Nigerian Journal of Parasitology Medicine-Infectious Diseases
CiteScore
0.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
43
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