Dengue and Malaria Coinfection in An Overweight Child

Abstract

Background: Dengue and malaria are infectious diseases transmitted by mosquitos mainly in tropical countries, including Indonesia, but there are only a few cases where both diseases are endemic in the same region. Malaria is difficult to diagnose in a dengue-endemic area due to the similar clinical symptoms. As a result, it can be misdiagnosed and affect treatment, resulting in a negative outcome. Case Presentation: This study presented a case of dengue and malaria coinfection in a 14-year-old overweight boy who was admitted to the hospital with fever, shivers, and a severe headache. Microscopic examination showed several form of Plasmodium falciparum’s trophozoite ring (Fig 1). Laboratories test showed a low thrombocyte level, 79.000/µL, hematocrit of 43.8%, serologic anti-dengue IgM was negative, and anti-dengue IgG was positive. Dengue therapy was administered in accordance with the World Health Organization's Dengue Diagnosis Guidelines, as well as the antimalarial drugs dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and primaquine. There was no bleeding or shock during the five days of treatment, and no severe malaria complications were discovered. The patient was discharged with an improved general condition and normal hematological results. Conclusion: This paper aimed to emphasize the significance of early detection and appropriate management of dengue and malaria co-infection in dengue endemic areas in order to achieve a positive outcome and prevent complications.