Política económica y heterogeneidad de la universidad pública española: un enfoque desde la empleabilidad

Abstract

The idea and some evidence that university degrees no longer serve as an effective instrument of the social elevator is spreading. On the contrary, a scenario is gaining ground in which the social, political and economic elites are  perpetuated through a very select group of universities that clearly differ from the rest of the universities. Knowing if this is a phenomenon applicable to the Spanish university is the object of this study. For this, the employability of university degrees will be used as a relevant variable. This basic information comes from the 2010 database of university graduates of the Ministry of Education and tells us what their employability was in the following years. In this work, employability will be used in 2011, that is, one year after the university graduate leaves. From these data, employability, is classified into three levels, by quartiles, with high employability (AE) being the fourth quartile, low employability (BE) being the first quartile and leaving the two central quartiles for the average employability (ME). Next, a heterogeneity coefficient (?) is constructed for each university. The main conclusion is that the Spanish public universities very majority (in number of degrees and in number of universities) offer titles of medium employability. However, a certain capacity of five universities to offer a high number of highly employable degrees is revealed. Similarly, there is a very small group of universities that offer an appreciable number of low employability degrees.