Historical origins of land rights insecurity and implications for conflict in Thailand

IF 1.1 Q3 ECONOMICS Economics of Peace and Security Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-19 DOI:10.15355/epsj.15.2.5
Jessica Vechbanyongratana, Kawita Niwatananun
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Abstract

This article explores the historical origins of land rights insecurity and its implications for landlessness, poverty, and contemporary conflict in Thailand. The Siamese (now Thai) government adopted the Torrens system of land administration in 1901 as part of a larger strategy to curb colonial territorial expansion in Southeast Asia. Although the Torrens system is generally associated with strong property rights, its incomplete and uneven adoption led to widespread and long-running land rights insecurity and landlessness. This article presents two case studies that demonstrate these consequences. First, the expropriation of land through the exploitation of ambiguous land rights and the implementation of new land laws. Second, the long-run associations between land rights insecurity, low levels of productive investments in agriculture, and poverty. Consequent landlessness and poverty in agricultural communities have, in turn, led to recent protests and violence in Thailand.
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土地权利不安全的历史根源及其对泰国冲突的影响
本文探讨了土地权利不安全的历史根源及其对泰国无地、贫困和当代冲突的影响。暹罗(现泰国)政府于1901年采用托伦斯土地管理制度,作为遏制东南亚殖民领土扩张的更大战略的一部分。尽管托伦斯制度通常与强大的产权有关,但其不完全和不均衡的采用导致了广泛和长期的土地权利不安全和无地现象。本文介绍了两个案例研究来证明这些后果。首先,通过开发模糊的土地权利和实施新的土地法来征收土地。第二,土地权利不安全、农业生产性投资水平低和贫困之间的长期联系。农业社区的无地和贫困反过来又导致了泰国最近的抗议和暴力事件。
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