IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE INDIAN ECONOMY: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

IF 0.6 4区 经济学 Q4 ECONOMICS Investigacion Economica Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI:10.22201/fe.01851667p.2021.315.76845
R. Ramakumar, T. Kanitkar
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引用次数: 9

Abstract

ABSTRACT This paper is an analysis of the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in India. Even prior to the pandemic, the Indian economy was marked by a slowdown of economic growth and record increases in unemployment and poverty. Thus, India’s capacity to deal with a new crisis was weak when the pandemic hit in March 2020. The economic crisis after March 2020 affected all the sectors of the Indian economy. In agriculture, farmers were faced with broken supply chains, lack of market outlets, poor demand and falling output prices. In industry, micro and small enterprises were the most acutely affected. The crisis led to a loss of employment to the tune of at least 15 million. Using an Input-Output (I-O) framework, we create four scenarios of losses to the Indian economy. We estimate that India’s GDP growth rate in 2020-2021 may range from –4.3% to –15%. The government’s economic response till October 2020 was seriously deficient on demand side interventions. The government was hesitant to expand budgetary spending because it feared a rise in fiscal deficit. Given this fiscal stance of policy, the chances of an early revival in the Indian economy appear dismal. IMPACTO DE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19 EN LA ECONOMIA INDIA: UN ANALISIS CRITICO RESUMEN Analizamos el impacto economico de la pandemia Covid-19 en la India. Antes de la pandemia, hubo una desaceleracion del crecimiento economico y un aumento record del desempleo y la pobreza. Por lo tanto, la capacidad para hacer frente a una nueva crisis era debil cuando la pandemia golpeo en marzo de 2020. La crisis economica posterior afecto a todos los sectores economicos. Los agricultores se enfrentaron a cadenas de suministro rotas, falta de mercados, escasa demanda y caida de los precios de produccion. En la industria, las microempresas y las pequenas empresas fueron las mas afectadas. La crisis provoco una perdida de empleo de al menos 15 millones. Usando una matriz de insumo-producto (I-O), creamos cuatro escenarios de perdidas. Estimamos que la tasa de crecimiento del producto interno bruto (PIB) de la India en 2020-2021 puede oscilar entre el –4.3% y el –15%. La respuesta del gobierno hasta octubre de 2020 fue muy deficiente en las intervenciones del lado de la demanda. Dudaba en expandir el gasto presupuestario porque temia un aumento del deficit fiscal. Dada esta orientacion fiscal, las posibilidades de una pronta reactivacion economica parecen desalentadoras.
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新冠肺炎疫情对印度经济的影响:一个批判性分析
摘要本文分析了新冠疫情在印度的经济影响。即使在大流行之前,印度经济的特点是经济增长放缓,失业和贫困人数创纪录地增加。因此,当疫情于2020年3月爆发时,印度应对新危机的能力较弱。2020年3月后的经济危机影响了印度经济的所有部门。在农业方面,农民面临着供应链断裂、缺乏市场渠道、需求不足和产出价格下降的问题。在工业中,微型和小型企业受影响最严重。这场危机导致至少1500万人失业。利用投入产出(I-O)框架,我们创造了印度经济损失的四种情景。我们估计,印度2020-2021年的国内生产总值增长率可能在-4.3%至-15%之间。截至2020年10月,政府在需求方干预方面的经济反应严重不足。政府不愿扩大预算支出,因为它担心财政赤字会增加。鉴于这种财政政策状况,印度经济早日复苏的机会似乎渺茫。新冠疫情对印度经济的影响:一项关键分析摘要我们分析了新冠疫情对印度经济的影响。在大流行之前,经济增长放缓,失业和贫困空前增加。因此,当疫情于2020年3月爆发时,应对新危机的能力较弱。随后的经济危机影响到所有经济部门。农民面临着供应链断裂、市场缺乏、需求疲软和生产价格下跌。在工业方面,微型和小型企业受影响最严重。这场危机造成至少1500万人失业。使用输入-输出矩阵(I-O),我们创建了四种损失场景。我们估计,2020-2021年印度国内生产总值(GDP)的增长率可能在-4.3%至-15%之间。截至2020年10月,政府在需求方干预方面的反应非常差。他不愿扩大预算支出,因为他担心财政赤字会增加。鉴于这种财政方向,经济早日复苏的可能性似乎令人沮丧。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
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期刊介绍: It is a specialized journal, bilingual (Spanish and English), plural and critical, which accepts and publishes scientific research articles in national and international economy. It is considered a public good that belongs to the University and society. Its vocation is to analyze the evolution of the theoretical and practical economics. In its pages the paradigms of economics, history of economic thought, the theories and debates about economic policy and its consequences, the diagnosis of the Mexican economy, the economic development of Latin America and the problems spread the world economy in general. It is a journal that does not discriminate plural none paradigm; theoretical orientation is unorthodox for epistemological reasons, not ideological preferences.
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