{"title":"IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE INDIAN ECONOMY: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS","authors":"R. Ramakumar, T. Kanitkar","doi":"10.22201/fe.01851667p.2021.315.76845","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper is an analysis of the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in India. Even prior to the pandemic, the Indian economy was marked by a slowdown of economic growth and record increases in unemployment and poverty. Thus, India’s capacity to deal with a new crisis was weak when the pandemic hit in March 2020. The economic crisis after March 2020 affected all the sectors of the Indian economy. In agriculture, farmers were faced with broken supply chains, lack of market outlets, poor demand and falling output prices. In industry, micro and small enterprises were the most acutely affected. The crisis led to a loss of employment to the tune of at least 15 million. Using an Input-Output (I-O) framework, we create four scenarios of losses to the Indian economy. We estimate that India’s GDP growth rate in 2020-2021 may range from –4.3% to –15%. The government’s economic response till October 2020 was seriously deficient on demand side interventions. The government was hesitant to expand budgetary spending because it feared a rise in fiscal deficit. Given this fiscal stance of policy, the chances of an early revival in the Indian economy appear dismal. IMPACTO DE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19 EN LA ECONOMIA INDIA: UN ANALISIS CRITICO RESUMEN Analizamos el impacto economico de la pandemia Covid-19 en la India. Antes de la pandemia, hubo una desaceleracion del crecimiento economico y un aumento record del desempleo y la pobreza. Por lo tanto, la capacidad para hacer frente a una nueva crisis era debil cuando la pandemia golpeo en marzo de 2020. La crisis economica posterior afecto a todos los sectores economicos. Los agricultores se enfrentaron a cadenas de suministro rotas, falta de mercados, escasa demanda y caida de los precios de produccion. En la industria, las microempresas y las pequenas empresas fueron las mas afectadas. La crisis provoco una perdida de empleo de al menos 15 millones. Usando una matriz de insumo-producto (I-O), creamos cuatro escenarios de perdidas. Estimamos que la tasa de crecimiento del producto interno bruto (PIB) de la India en 2020-2021 puede oscilar entre el –4.3% y el –15%. La respuesta del gobierno hasta octubre de 2020 fue muy deficiente en las intervenciones del lado de la demanda. Dudaba en expandir el gasto presupuestario porque temia un aumento del deficit fiscal. Dada esta orientacion fiscal, las posibilidades de una pronta reactivacion economica parecen desalentadoras.","PeriodicalId":44170,"journal":{"name":"Investigacion Economica","volume":"80 1","pages":"3-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6000,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"9","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Investigacion Economica","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22201/fe.01851667p.2021.315.76845","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper is an analysis of the economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in India. Even prior to the pandemic, the Indian economy was marked by a slowdown of economic growth and record increases in unemployment and poverty. Thus, India’s capacity to deal with a new crisis was weak when the pandemic hit in March 2020. The economic crisis after March 2020 affected all the sectors of the Indian economy. In agriculture, farmers were faced with broken supply chains, lack of market outlets, poor demand and falling output prices. In industry, micro and small enterprises were the most acutely affected. The crisis led to a loss of employment to the tune of at least 15 million. Using an Input-Output (I-O) framework, we create four scenarios of losses to the Indian economy. We estimate that India’s GDP growth rate in 2020-2021 may range from –4.3% to –15%. The government’s economic response till October 2020 was seriously deficient on demand side interventions. The government was hesitant to expand budgetary spending because it feared a rise in fiscal deficit. Given this fiscal stance of policy, the chances of an early revival in the Indian economy appear dismal. IMPACTO DE LA PANDEMIA COVID-19 EN LA ECONOMIA INDIA: UN ANALISIS CRITICO RESUMEN Analizamos el impacto economico de la pandemia Covid-19 en la India. Antes de la pandemia, hubo una desaceleracion del crecimiento economico y un aumento record del desempleo y la pobreza. Por lo tanto, la capacidad para hacer frente a una nueva crisis era debil cuando la pandemia golpeo en marzo de 2020. La crisis economica posterior afecto a todos los sectores economicos. Los agricultores se enfrentaron a cadenas de suministro rotas, falta de mercados, escasa demanda y caida de los precios de produccion. En la industria, las microempresas y las pequenas empresas fueron las mas afectadas. La crisis provoco una perdida de empleo de al menos 15 millones. Usando una matriz de insumo-producto (I-O), creamos cuatro escenarios de perdidas. Estimamos que la tasa de crecimiento del producto interno bruto (PIB) de la India en 2020-2021 puede oscilar entre el –4.3% y el –15%. La respuesta del gobierno hasta octubre de 2020 fue muy deficiente en las intervenciones del lado de la demanda. Dudaba en expandir el gasto presupuestario porque temia un aumento del deficit fiscal. Dada esta orientacion fiscal, las posibilidades de una pronta reactivacion economica parecen desalentadoras.
期刊介绍:
It is a specialized journal, bilingual (Spanish and English), plural and critical, which accepts and publishes scientific research articles in national and international economy. It is considered a public good that belongs to the University and society. Its vocation is to analyze the evolution of the theoretical and practical economics. In its pages the paradigms of economics, history of economic thought, the theories and debates about economic policy and its consequences, the diagnosis of the Mexican economy, the economic development of Latin America and the problems spread the world economy in general. It is a journal that does not discriminate plural none paradigm; theoretical orientation is unorthodox for epistemological reasons, not ideological preferences.