{"title":"Insulinomimetic Effect of Citrullus Colocynthis Roots in STZ Challenged Rat Model","authors":"Sireesha Kalva, N. Fatima, R. Nerella, S. Samreen","doi":"10.22034/IJPS.2018.65235.1324","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from either defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Postprandial hyperglycemia is a prime characteristic of diabetes mellitus and has been a focus in the therapy for diabetes. One of the therapeutic approaches which involve decreasing hyperglycemia aims at lowering blood glucose by decreasing insulin resistance, raising insulin sensitivity at the tissues and inhibiting the carbohydrate absorbance in the intestine. Plants contain different chemical constituents with potential for insulin mimetic action, decrease in insulin resistance and of α-amylase inhibitory activity may be used as therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The present study investigates the hypoglycemic activity and insulinomimetic action of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Citrullus colocynthis by invitro α-amylase enzyme inhibition and by histopathological studies in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats weighing about 180- 250g were taken and divided into fifteen groups. Diabetes was induced by giving streptozotocin (STZ) (30-50mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Rats that showed blood glucose levels > 250mg/dl were selected for the study. Metformin (45mg/kg) was given as standard oral hypoglycemic agent. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Citrullus colocynthis (AECC and EECC) at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg were administered to the normal and diabetic rats. The invitro α – amylase inhibitory activity was done by spectrophotometric method. Blood glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method. Estimation of glycogen in the lever was carried out with anthrone method. Liver and pancreas were isolated and subjected to histopathological studies. Serum insulin was monitored through chemiluminescence assay. Oral administration of both extracts showed significant inhibition of α-amylase enzyme in-vitro and decrease in blood glucose also. Glycogen and Insulin levels too were found to increase in extract treated groups which attributed for its insulinomimetic activity. The findings revealed that Citrullus colocynthis possess a very strong anti-hyperglycemic potential justifying the use of the drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":14582,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"49-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"2","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.22034/IJPS.2018.65235.1324","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Abstract
Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from either defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Postprandial hyperglycemia is a prime characteristic of diabetes mellitus and has been a focus in the therapy for diabetes. One of the therapeutic approaches which involve decreasing hyperglycemia aims at lowering blood glucose by decreasing insulin resistance, raising insulin sensitivity at the tissues and inhibiting the carbohydrate absorbance in the intestine. Plants contain different chemical constituents with potential for insulin mimetic action, decrease in insulin resistance and of α-amylase inhibitory activity may be used as therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The present study investigates the hypoglycemic activity and insulinomimetic action of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Citrullus colocynthis by invitro α-amylase enzyme inhibition and by histopathological studies in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats weighing about 180- 250g were taken and divided into fifteen groups. Diabetes was induced by giving streptozotocin (STZ) (30-50mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Rats that showed blood glucose levels > 250mg/dl were selected for the study. Metformin (45mg/kg) was given as standard oral hypoglycemic agent. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Citrullus colocynthis (AECC and EECC) at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg were administered to the normal and diabetic rats. The invitro α – amylase inhibitory activity was done by spectrophotometric method. Blood glucose levels were measured by glucose oxidase method. Estimation of glycogen in the lever was carried out with anthrone method. Liver and pancreas were isolated and subjected to histopathological studies. Serum insulin was monitored through chemiluminescence assay. Oral administration of both extracts showed significant inhibition of α-amylase enzyme in-vitro and decrease in blood glucose also. Glycogen and Insulin levels too were found to increase in extract treated groups which attributed for its insulinomimetic activity. The findings revealed that Citrullus colocynthis possess a very strong anti-hyperglycemic potential justifying the use of the drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
期刊介绍:
Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJPS) is an open access, internationally peer-reviewed journal that seeks to publish research articles in different pharmaceutical sciences subdivisions: pharmacology and toxicology, nanotechnology, pharmaceutics, natural products, biotechnology, pharmaceutical chemistry, clinical pharmacy and other pharmacy related topics. Each issue of the journal contents 16 outstanding research articles in area of pharmaceutical sciences plus an editorial written by the IJPS editors on one of the most up to date advances topics in pharmacy. All articles published by IJPS would be permanently accessible online freely without any subscription charges. Authors of the published articles have granted the right to use and disseminate their article to third parties.