Esther Smollich, Eberhard Döbbeler, Tina Müller-Geipel, Lars Stratmann, Christoph Koch, Valentina I. Merkus, Kathrin Kostka, Denis V. Okhrimenko, Mette Solvang, Milen Nachev, Sonja Zimmermann, Torsten C. Schmidt, Bernd Sures
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引用次数: 1
Abstract
Background
Stone wool is an inorganic mineral insulation material increasingly used to reduce the climate impact of buildings. The acute and chronic ecotoxicological potential of stone wool eluates have been studied in a battery of standardized laboratory ecotoxicological tests. The experiments were conducted with stone wool test materials in fibrous and milled form, with and without the presence of organic binder. For the preparation of eluates, the OECD protocol on the transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds was applied. The resulting eluates were used in acute tests, i.e., bioluminescence test with Aliivibrio fischeri (DIN EN ISO 11348-1:2009), algae growth test with Desmodesmus subspicatus (OECD No. 201) and immobilization test with Daphnia magna (OECD No. 202), as well as chronic tests, i.e., the Daphnia magna reproduction test (OECD No. 211) and the nematode growth and reproduction test with Caenorhabditis elegans (ISO 10872:2010).
Results
While no acute or chronic ecotoxicological effects of the eluates were observed for fibrous stone wool material, the milled test materials showed some chronic effects on aquatic invertebrates. Depending on the test materials and concentrations of milled stone wool used in the eluate preparation, these chronic effects included significant stimulation or inhibition of daphnid reproduction and nematode growth. The chemical analysis conducted in parallel to the ecotoxicological assessment indicated no leaching of organic substances from the applied binder or mineral oils and no formation of nanoparticles by the milling of stone wool. Furthermore, ICP-MS and ICP-OES analysis of eighteen elements revealed that only aluminum and nickel could be quantified in the eluates, at concentrations of approximately 750 µg/L and 7 µg/L, respectively.
Conclusions
Based on the present ecotoxicological assessment, eluates from stone wool fibers cannot be considered as chemically hazardous to the aquatic environment. However, additional investigations of the ecotoxicological potential of the milled material and the environmental exposure of stone wool products are necessary for a complete evaluation of potentially negative effects of stone wool insulation materials.
石棉是一种无机矿物保温材料,越来越多地用于减少建筑物对气候的影响。在一系列标准化的实验室生态毒理学试验中,研究了石棉洗脱液的急性和慢性生态毒理学潜力。实验是用纤维状和研磨状的石棉测试材料进行的,有和没有有机粘合剂的存在。为了制备洗脱液,采用了经合发组织关于金属和金属化合物转化/溶解的议定书。所得的淋出物用于急性试验,即与费氏alivibrio fishcheri进行生物发光试验(DIN EN ISO 11348-1:2009),与亚棘桥线虫进行藻类生长试验(OECD第201号),与大水蚤进行固定化试验(OECD第202号),以及慢性试验,即与大水蚤进行繁殖试验(OECD第211号),与线虫进行生长和繁殖试验(ISO 10872:2010)。结果石棉纤维材料的洗脱物对水生无脊椎动物无急性或慢性生态毒理学影响,但磨粉试验材料对水生无脊椎动物有一定的慢性生态毒理学影响。根据洗脱液制备中使用的测试材料和磨石棉的浓度,这些慢性影响包括对水蚤繁殖和线虫生长的显著刺激或抑制。与生态毒理学评估同时进行的化学分析表明,所施用的粘合剂或矿物油中没有有机物质的浸出,碾磨石棉也没有形成纳米颗粒。此外,对18种元素的ICP-MS和ICP-OES分析表明,洗脱液中只有铝和镍可以被定量,浓度分别约为750µg/L和7µg/L。结论根据目前的生态毒理学评价,石棉纤维洗脱物对水生环境不具有化学危害性。然而,对研磨材料的生态毒理学潜力和石棉产品的环境暴露进行额外的调查是必要的,以便全面评估石棉绝缘材料的潜在负面影响。
期刊介绍:
ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation.
ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation.
ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation.
Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues.
Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.