An experimental study of proton implantation in olivine

IF 1.2 4区 地球科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Physics and Chemistry of Minerals Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI:10.1007/s00269-023-01234-9
Thilo Bissbort, Qinting Jiang, Hans-Werner Becker, Varvara Foteinou, Sumit Chakraborty
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Implantation of ions in minerals by high energy radiation is an important process in planetary and materials sciences. For example, the solar wind is a multi-ion flux that progressively modifies the composition and structure of near-surface domains in solar objects, like asteroids. A bombardment of a target by different elements like hydrogen (H) at various energies causes, among other things, the implantation of these particles in crystalline and amorphous materials. It is important to understand the mechanisms and features of this process (e.g., how much is implanted and retained), to constrain its contribution to the chemical budget of solar objects or for planning various material-science applications. Yet, there has been no detailed study on H implantation into olivine (e.g., the quantification of maximum retainable H), a major mineral in this context. We performed experiments on H implantation in San Carlos olivine at 10 and 20 keV with increasing fluences (up to 3×1018 at/cm2). Nanoscale H profiles that result from implantation were analyzed using Nuclear Resonance Reaction Analysis after each implantation to observe the evolution of the H distribution as a function of fluence. We observed that after a systematic growth of the characteristic, approximately Gaussian shaped, H profiles with increasing fluences, a maximum concentration at H ~ 20 at% is attained. The maximum concentration is approximately independent of ion energy, but the maximum penetration depth is a function of beam energy and is greater at higher energies. The shapes of the profiles as well as the maximum concentrations deviate from those predicted by currently available models and point to the need for direct experimental measurements. We compared the depth profiles with predictions by SRIM. Based on observations from this study, we were able to constrain the maximum retainable H in olivine as a function of ion energy.

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质子注入橄榄石的实验研究
高能辐射在矿物中注入离子是行星科学和材料科学中的一个重要研究过程。例如,太阳风是一种多离子流,它逐渐改变太阳物体(如小行星)近表面区域的组成和结构。不同的元素,如氢(H)以不同的能量轰击目标,会导致这些粒子在晶体和非晶态材料中植入。了解这一过程的机制和特征(例如,植入和保留了多少),限制其对太阳能物体化学预算的贡献或规划各种材料科学应用是很重要的。然而,目前还没有关于氢注入橄榄石的详细研究(例如,最大可获得氢的量化),橄榄石是这方面的主要矿物。我们在圣卡洛斯橄榄石中进行了10和20 keV的H注入实验,影响越来越大(高达3×1018 at/cm2)。每次注入后,利用核共振反应分析对注入后的纳米尺度H谱进行分析,观察H分布随通量的变化。我们观察到,随着影响的增加,特征近似高斯形的H曲线系统增长后,在H ~ 20 %处达到最大浓度。最大浓度与离子能量无关,但最大穿透深度与束流能量有关,且能量越高,最大穿透深度越大。剖面的形状以及最大浓度偏离了目前可用的模型所预测的结果,表明需要进行直接的实验测量。我们将深度剖面与SRIM预测进行了比较。根据本研究的观察,我们能够约束橄榄石中最大可保留H作为离子能量的函数。
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来源期刊
Physics and Chemistry of Minerals
Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 地学-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
14.30%
发文量
43
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Physics and Chemistry of Minerals is an international journal devoted to publishing articles and short communications of physical or chemical studies on minerals or solids related to minerals. The aim of the journal is to support competent interdisciplinary work in mineralogy and physics or chemistry. Particular emphasis is placed on applications of modern techniques or new theories and models to interpret atomic structures and physical or chemical properties of minerals. Some subjects of interest are: -Relationships between atomic structure and crystalline state (structures of various states, crystal energies, crystal growth, thermodynamic studies, phase transformations, solid solution, exsolution phenomena, etc.) -General solid state spectroscopy (ultraviolet, visible, infrared, Raman, ESCA, luminescence, X-ray, electron paramagnetic resonance, nuclear magnetic resonance, gamma ray resonance, etc.) -Experimental and theoretical analysis of chemical bonding in minerals (application of crystal field, molecular orbital, band theories, etc.) -Physical properties (magnetic, mechanical, electric, optical, thermodynamic, etc.) -Relations between thermal expansion, compressibility, elastic constants, and fundamental properties of atomic structure, particularly as applied to geophysical problems -Electron microscopy in support of physical and chemical studies -Computational methods in the study of the structure and properties of minerals -Mineral surfaces (experimental methods, structure and properties)
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