Características clínico-patológicas del adenocarcinoma gástrico asociado al virus de Epstein-Barr en una región de alta incidencia de cáncer gástrico en Colombia

Abstract

Introduction and aims

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is an etiologic factor in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC). The aim of our study was to describe the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of EBV infection in intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma samples.

Material and methods

Of 180 paraffin-embedded gastrectomy samples, 28 were studied. Chromogenic in situ hybridization was performed to detect EBV. Sociodemographic and histopathologic data were obtained from the patients’ clinical histories.

Results

A total of 21.4% of the samples were positive for EBV. The predominant morphologic characteristic was the lace pattern, with dense inflammatory infiltration. Fifty percent of the EBVaGC + patients were men, and the median age of the positive patients was 59 years (range: 50-75); 77.2% of the EBVaGC– patients were men, and the median age of the negative patients was 66 years (range: 34-89). Helicobacter pylori infection was associated with 10.7% of the EBVaGC + patients and 53.6% of the EBVaGC– patients. In the EBVaGC + patients, the cardia was the most frequent tumor location (17.9%), 7.1% had histologic grades 2 and 3, and 17.9% presented with Borrmann classification type III. In the EBVaGC– patients, the cardia and fundus were the most frequent tumor locations (71.4%), 35.7% had histologic grade 2, and 39.3% and 21.4% presented with Borrmann classification type III and IV, respectively.

Conclusions

The present study describes the clinical and histopathologic characteristics associated with EBVaGC positivity. Those data may aid in the selection of cases that are candidates for analysis through molecular methods aimed at identifying EBV infection in intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinoma.