[Access and waiting for ostomy according to people with colorectal cancer: an ethnographic studyAcceso y espera para la ostomía según las personas con cáncer colorrectal: un estudio etnográfico].

Abstract

Introduction: The access of people with colorectal cancer to surgical treatment with stomization implies a difficult itinerary through the network of care, and when accessing the tertiary level in an apprehensive preoperative waiting.

Objective: To know the access and waiting for stomization of people sick with colorectal cancer at the tertiary level of the Brazilian Unified Health System.

Materials and methods: Ethnographic study based on the Sociology of Health, with 8 relatives and 14 patients in a High Complexity Oncology Center, Brazil. Data were collected between October 2018 to March 2019, with participant and non-participant observation, field diary recording, and semi-structured interview. Statements and ethnographic notes after triangulation were subjected to inductive content analysis in six steps.

Results: "The history of illness interspersed with difficulties" and "The losses in the process of patience-resilience along the way" were apprehended.

Discussion: Three types of access were reported, as well as the sub meanings "I paid privately" and the diagnostic delay mobilized by official and unofficial means in the Unified Health System. Social capital is pressing, a network without which users' access is impacted. At the tertiary level while waiting for stomization, resilience was unveiled not as a heroic resource, but as a personal and collective resource.

Conclusion: The access counted on relational mobilization and a range of paths to hospitalization with part of the journey in supplementary health, while the waiting for stomization mitigates patience making resilience a beneficial resource in the wait for surgical programming.