Production and performance of commercial beef breeding females in northern Australia. 4. Factors influencing the occurrence of lactating cows becoming pregnant within 4 months of calving

IF 1.3 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Animal Production Science Pub Date : 2023-03-02 DOI:10.1071/an17502
K. McCosker, N. Perkins, G. Fordyce, P. O'rourke, M. McGowan
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Context Sound reproductive efficiency is a key determinant for the overall productivity of a beef breeding business. For beef breeding herds to obtain high levels of reproductive productivity, breeding females need to efficiently become pregnant while lactating. Aims This study aimed to determine and quantify the major factors associated with lactating cows becoming pregnant within 4months of calving (P4M) in commercial beef breeding herds of northern Australia. Methods A prospective epidemiological study was conducted using 78 commercial northern Australian beef breeding herds and involved 78 000 cattle that were monitored for 3–4years. A multivariable model-building process was employed to scrutinise the resulting dataset to identify what herd-management practices, and nutritional, environmental and individual cow factors were major determinants of lactating cows becoming pregnant within 4months of calving (P4M) and to estimate their magnitudes of effect. Key results Overall, 41.6% of cows per production year were successful for P4M. Country type was strongly associated with 65.4%, 57.5%, 61.8% and 16.4% P4M for the Southern Forest, Central Forest, Northern Downs, and Northern Forest respectively. Between-year variability ranged between 3.3 and 11.7 percentage points. Cows calving in December–January (61%) had a substantially higher occurrence of P4M than did cows calving between July and September (15%). The difference in P4M when comparing availability of wet-season pasture protein and phosphorus was 12.7 and 20.3 percentage points respectively. Modelling of the impact of group seroprevalence and management group prevalence of recent infection with several infectious diseases was estimated, with a large negative association between group bovine viral diarrhoea seroprevalence and P4M suggested. Conclusions This study further demonstrated the substantial impact that environment, herd management practices, nutrition and disease factors can have on the reproductive performance of females. Implications To optimise the performance of females (through increasing the occurrence of cows contributing calves in consecutive years) under commercial conditions in northern Australia, herd managers should focus on maximising the proportion of cows within a herd calving at the desired time of the year, ensuring that any nutritional deficiencies and herd health issues are managed, and that cows are managed such that they are of good body condition score at the time of calving.
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澳大利亚北部商业化养殖雌性牛肉的生产和表现。4.影响泌乳奶牛在产仔4个月内怀孕的因素
良好的繁殖效率是肉牛养殖企业整体生产力的关键决定因素。为了使肉牛种牛群获得高水平的生殖生产力,种牛母牛需要在哺乳期有效怀孕。本研究旨在确定和量化澳大利亚北部商业肉牛养殖群中与产犊后4个月内哺乳期奶牛怀孕(P4M)相关的主要因素。方法采用前瞻性流行病学研究方法,对澳大利亚北部78个商业肉牛养殖群和78000头牛进行了3 ~ 4年的监测。采用多变量模型构建过程来仔细检查所得数据集,以确定哪些畜群管理措施、营养、环境和奶牛个体因素是哺乳期奶牛在产犊后4个月内怀孕的主要决定因素,并估计其影响程度。总体而言,每个生产年度41.6%的奶牛P4M成功。国家类型与南部林、中部林、北部丘陵地和北部林P4M的相关性分别为65.4%、57.5%、61.8%和16.4%。年之间的变化幅度在3.3到11.7个百分点之间。12月至1月产犊的奶牛(61%)的P4M发生率明显高于7月至9月产犊的奶牛(15%)。在比较湿季牧草蛋白质和磷的有效性时,P4M差异分别为12.7和20.3个百分点。对最近感染几种传染病的组血清阳性率和管理组流行率的影响进行了建模估计,结果表明,组牛病毒性腹泻血清阳性率与P4M之间存在很大的负相关。结论本研究进一步证明了环境、畜群管理、营养和疾病因素对雌性繁殖性能的重大影响。在澳大利亚北部的商业条件下,为了优化雌性奶牛的性能(通过增加连续几年产犊的奶牛数量),牧群管理者应该专注于在一年中期望的时间最大限度地提高牛群中产犊的比例,确保任何营养缺乏和牛群健康问题得到管理,并且奶牛的管理使它们在产犊时具有良好的身体状况得分。
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来源期刊
Animal Production Science
Animal Production Science AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
自引率
7.10%
发文量
139
期刊介绍: Research papers in Animal Production Science focus on improving livestock and food production, and on the social and economic issues that influence primary producers. The journal (formerly known as Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture) is predominantly concerned with domesticated animals (beef cattle, dairy cows, sheep, pigs, goats and poultry); however, contributions on horses and wild animals may be published where relevant. Animal Production Science is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.
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