Pollution

Jonathan M. Samet
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Urban environments represent densely populated spaces characterized by people, built environments, and modes of transportation all in close proximity. Pollution as a by-product of these forces represents a substantial threat to the health of urban populations worldwide. Current World Health Organization estimates are that up to 7 million people die due to air pollution annually, with the vast majority of them in urban areas. Indoor and outdoor pollution to varying degrees in low- and high-income countries both represent threats to health in urban environments. This chapter discusses pollution as a challenge to urban health and the potential opportunities to improve population health represented by innovative approaches to minimize pollution in cities.
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污染
城市环境代表人口密集的空间,其特征是人、建筑环境和交通方式都非常接近。污染作为这些力量的副产品,对全世界城市人口的健康构成了重大威胁。世界卫生组织目前估计,每年有多达700万人死于空气污染,其中绝大多数在城市地区。低收入和高收入国家不同程度的室内和室外污染都是对城市环境健康的威胁。本章讨论了污染对城市健康的挑战,以及以创新方法最大限度地减少城市污染为代表的改善人口健康的潜在机会。
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