Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium deficiencies on some morphological and physiological properties and nutrient uptake by two almond rootstocks

IF 2.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Folia Horticulturae Pub Date : 2021-08-09 DOI:10.2478/fhort-2021-0018
A. Mirsoleimani, M. Najafi-Ghiri, H. Heydari, S. Farokhzadeh
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract A soilless culture and completely randomised two-factorial experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) deficiencies on macronutrient uptake and to determine some characteristics of Prunus dulcis L. (bitter almond: BA) and Prunus scoparia L. (Alook: AL) seedlings. Seedlings in pots containing perlite were irrigated with half-strength, N-, P- and K-free Hoagland solutions for 12 wk. Results showed that N deficiency decreased the N and Ca levels and increased the K concentration in the shoots of both rootstocks. Phosphorus deficiency decreased N and P concentrations of both seedlings, as well as the Ca and Mg concentrations of BA seedlings. Potassium deficiency decreased the K concentration of the BA seedlings and decreased N, K and Ca concentrations of the AL seedlings. In the BA seedlings, only the fresh weight of the shoot decreased under the P deficiency condition; the other morphological traits of shoots in this genotype and none of the traits in the AL seedlings were affected by P deficiency. Furthermore, both the rootstocks can maintain their optimal growth even at very low concentration of K; this shows that both rootstocks consume K in a luxurious way. Under nutrient-deficient conditions, the AL seedling has greater ability to maintain the N concentration or uptake it more than the BA seedling. The N P and K deficiency conditions disturbed the electron transfer cycle of photosystem II in the AL leaves and caused a response. Most root traits of the AL seedling were not changed under nutrient deficiency, and this indicates a high tolerance of the AL roots compared to the BA roots or lower demand in this genotype for these elements. The characteristics of P. scoparia seedlings were less affected by the deficiency of these three elements, and therefore, P. scoparia rootstock is preferred to BA for weak and non-fertile soils.
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氮、磷、钾缺乏对两种杏仁砧木某些形态、生理特性及养分吸收的影响
摘要采用无土栽培和完全随机双因子试验,研究了缺氮、缺磷、缺钾对大白菜幼苗大量养分吸收的影响,并测定了苦杏(BA)和东莨菪碱(Alook:AL)幼苗的一些特性。将盛有珍珠岩的花盆中的幼苗用半强度、无氮、无磷和无钾的Hoagland溶液灌溉12周。结果表明,缺氮降低了两种砧木枝条中的N和Ca水平,增加了K浓度。缺磷降低了两株幼苗的N和P浓度,也降低了BA幼苗的Ca和Mg浓度。缺钾降低了BA幼苗的K浓度,降低了AL幼苗的N、K和Ca浓度。BA幼苗在缺磷条件下,只有芽鲜重下降;该基因型芽的其他形态性状和AL幼苗中的任何性状都不受缺磷的影响。此外,即使在非常低的K浓度下,两种砧木也能保持其最佳生长;这表明两种砧木都以奢侈的方式消耗K。在营养缺乏的条件下,AL幼苗比BA幼苗具有更大的维持氮浓度或吸收氮的能力。氮磷钾缺乏条件干扰了AL叶片中光系统II的电子转移循环,并引起了反应。在营养缺乏的情况下,AL幼苗的大多数根系性状没有改变,这表明与BA根系相比,AL根系具有较高的耐受性,或者该基因型对这些元素的需求较低。这三种元素的缺乏对东莨菪幼苗特性的影响较小,因此,在弱土和非肥沃土壤中,东莨菪的砧木优于BA。
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来源期刊
Folia Horticulturae
Folia Horticulturae Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Folia Horticulturae is an international, scientific journal published in English. It covers a broad research spectrum of aspects related to horticultural science that are of interest to a wide scientific community and have an impact on progress in both basic and applied research carried out with the use of horticultural crops and their products. The journal’s aim is to disseminate recent findings and serve as a forum for presenting views as well as for discussing important problems and prospects of modern horticulture, particularly in relation to sustainable production of high yield and quality of horticultural products, including their impact on human health.
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