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Fungicides, bio-controllers and resistance inducers affect bioactive compounds and oxidative metabolism in bell pepper plants inoculated with Phytophthora capsici 杀菌剂、生物控制剂和抗性诱导剂对接种了疫霉的甜椒植株的生物活性化合物和氧化代谢的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0011
María Teresa Martínez-Damián, Damaris Leopoldina Ojeda-Barrios, Oscar Cruz-Alvarez
The rational use of chemical fungicides in chilli pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) for controlling Phytophthora capsici Leo. should include molecules that promote induced systemic resistance in the plant. The study objective was to assess how the application of fungicides, bio-controllers and resistance inducers affects bioactive compounds production and oxidative metabolism in pepper plants when inoculated with P. capsici zoospores. Statistical analyses show significant differences in total flavonoids, total phenols and salicylic acid concentrations in plants treated with Trichoderma harzianum, Acibenzolar-S-Methyl (ASM) and phosphonic acid. In addition, the application of ASM and Bacillus subtilis showed the highest values of antioxidant capacity. On the other hand, ASM application favoured increases in superoxide dismutase and phenyl ammonium lyase activity with values of 4.42 ± 0.016 (units · min−1 · g−1) and 3.90 ± 0.22 U · g−1, respectively. However, hydrogen peroxide production was similar to that of phosphonic acid treatments. Similarly, plants treated with B. subtilis and Metalaxyl-M showed increases in peroxidase enzyme activity with values ranging from 2.86 ± 0.05 to 4.52 ± 0.02 (μmol · [mg protein]−1 · min−1). Likewise, phosphonic acid-treated plants exhibited high catalase enzyme activity with values ranging from 2.38 ± 0.032 μmol H2O2 · min−1 · g−1 to 4.30 ± 0.024 μmol H2O2 · min−1 · g−1. The complementary use of products with biological and resistance-inducing functions could help to mitigate the environmental impacts that occur due to the use of chemical fungicides for controlling P. capsici on chilli pepper.
在辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)中合理使用化学杀菌剂来控制疫霉(Phytophthora capsici Leo.本研究的目的是评估在辣椒植株中接种荚膜疫霉动物孢子后,施用杀菌剂、生物控制剂和抗性诱导剂如何影响生物活性化合物的产生和氧化代谢。统计分析表明,在使用哈茨真菌、Acibenzolar-S-Methyl(ASM)和膦酸处理的植物中,总黄酮、总酚和水杨酸的浓度存在显著差异。此外,ASM 和枯草芽孢杆菌的抗氧化能力值最高。另一方面,ASM 的应用有利于提高超氧化物歧化酶和苯基铵裂解酶的活性,其值分别为 4.42 ± 0.016(单位-分钟-1 -克-1)和 3.90 ± 0.22 U -克-1。不过,过氧化氢的产生与膦酸处理相似。同样,用枯草芽孢杆菌和 Metalaxyl-M 处理的植物显示过氧化物酶活性增加,数值从 2.86 ± 0.05 到 4.52 ± 0.02(μmol - [mg 蛋白质]-1 - min-1)不等。同样,经膦酸处理的植物也表现出较高的过氧化氢酶活性,其值从 2.38 ± 0.032 μmol H2O2 - min-1 - g-1 到 4.30 ± 0.024 μmol H2O2 - min-1 - g-1。补充使用具有生物和抗性诱导功能的产品有助于减轻因使用化学杀菌剂控制辣椒上的辣椒疫霉菌而对环境造成的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Regulation of crop load and quality in sweet cherry cv. ‘Sweet Heart’ using blossom thinning 利用疏花调节甜樱桃品种'Sweet Heart'的产量和质量利用疏花技术调节甜樱桃品种'Sweet Heart' 的产量和质量
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0020
Mir Uzma Parveze, Mohammad Maqbool Mir, Munib Ur Rehman, Umar Iqbal, Saba Q. Khan, F. A. Khan, Imran Khan, Sameera Qayoom, Irtiqa Mushtaq, Hamiyah K. Shah, Abdel-Rhman Z. Gaafar, Prashant Kaushik
Self-fertile cultivars of sweet cherry (Prunus avium) produce heavy crop load that is often associated with small and poor-quality fruits. Therefore, a crop load-management strategy is required to improve the quality of the fruit. In this study, the effect of blossom thinners on fruit set, yield and quality of the fruits was evaluated. Three types of blossom thinners were used at three different concentrations viz., ammonium thiosulphate (ATS) (1, 1.5 and 2%), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (20, 40 and 60 ppm) and corn oil emulsion (1, 2 and 3%). These were sprayed at 80% of the bloom stage. The vegetative, flowering, fruit set and yield parameters were observed and recorded. Fruit quality was evaluated by measuring the physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits at the harvest stage. Negative correlation was found between fruit set and quality of fruit. The reduction in the crop load was associated with enhanced vegetative growth, including higher leaf:fruit ratio, higher supply and availability of photosynthates to the remaining fruitlets and reduced fruit firmness and titratable acidity. Fruit size, weight, volume, hue value, chroma value, soluble solid content (SSC), total sugars, SSC/acid ratio, anthocyanin and ascorbic acid content were enhanced as a result of thinning. The foliar spray of ATS at 2% and NAA at 60 ppm, at 80% bloom proved to be the most effective in reducing crop load and enhancing the fruit quality.
甜樱桃(Prunus avium)的自交栽培品种会产生很重的作物负载,这往往与果实小、品质差有关。因此,需要一种作物负载管理策略来提高果实的质量。本研究评估了疏花剂对坐果率、果实产量和质量的影响。使用了三种不同浓度的疏花剂,即硫代硫酸铵(ATS)(1%、1.5% 和 2%)、萘乙酸(NAA)(20%、40% 和 60 ppm)和玉米油乳剂(1%、2% 和 3%)。这些药剂在 80% 的开花期喷洒。对植株、开花、坐果和产量参数进行了观察和记录。果实质量通过测量收获期果实的物理和化学特性进行评估。结果发现,坐果率与果实质量之间呈负相关。作物负载量的减少与无性生长的增强有关,包括叶果比、剩余果实的光合作用供应量和可用性的提高,以及果实硬度和可滴定酸度的降低。疏果后,果实的大小、重量、体积、色调值、色度值、可溶性固形物含量(SSC)、总糖、SSC/酸比、花青素和抗坏血酸含量均有所提高。事实证明,在 80% 盛花期叶面喷施 2% 的 ATS 和 60ppm 的 NAA 能最有效地减少作物负载并提高果实质量。
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引用次数: 0
Neodymium and zinc stimulate growth, biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of lettuce plants in hydroponics 钕和锌促进水培莴苣植物的生长、生物量积累和营养吸收
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0017
Imelda Rueda-López, Libia I. Trejo-Téllez, Fernando C. Gómez-Merino, María G. Peralta-Sánchez, Sara M. Ramírez-Olvera
We evaluated the effects of neodymium (0.000, 2.885, 5.770 and 8.655 mg · L−1) and zinc (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg · L−1), as well as their interaction on lettuce plants in hydroponics. Applications of 2.885 mg Nd · L−1 and 5.770 mg Nd · L−1 increased plant height, number of leaves and leaf area, as well as fresh and dry stem, root and total biomasses. Root volume was greater in plants treated with 2.885 mg Nd · L−1. With 0.1 mg Zn · L−1, plant height, leaf area and fresh stem, root and total biomass were greater, while applying 0.3 mg Zn · L−1 increased the ratio of dry biomass of stems and roots. Plants exposed to 5.770 mg Nd · L−1 + 0.3 mg Zn · L−1 exhibited greater leaf length. The ratios of fresh and dry biomass of stems and roots increased in plants treated with 8.655 mg · L−1 Nd + 0.3 mg Zn · L−1. Dry biomass weights of stems, roots and total were the highest in plants treated with 20 mg Nd · L−1 + 0.1 mg Zn · L−1. Nd significantly increased foliar concentration of N, P and K. Hence, Nd and Zn improve growth and nutrition.
我们评估了钕元素(0.000、2.885、5.770 和 8.655 毫克-升-1)和锌元素(0.1、0.2 和 0.3 毫克-升-1)及其相互作用对水培莴苣植物的影响。施用 2.885 毫克钕-升-1 和 5.770 毫克钕-升-1 可增加植株高度、叶片数量和叶面积,以及新鲜和干燥茎、根和总生物量。用 2.885 毫克钕-升-1 处理的植物根系体积更大。施用 0.1 毫克锌-升-1 时,植株高度、叶面积以及新鲜茎、根和总生物量都更大,而施用 0.3 毫克锌-升-1 会增加茎和根的干生物量比率。暴露于 5.770 mg Nd - L-1 + 0.3 mg Zn - L-1 的植物叶片长度更大。经 8.655 mg - L-1 Nd + 0.3 mg Zn - L-1 处理的植物,茎和根的新鲜生物量与干生物量之比有所增加。用 20 mg Nd - L-1 + 0.1 mg Zn - L-1 处理的植物茎、根和总的干生物量重量最高。因此,钕和锌能改善植物的生长和营养状况。
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引用次数: 0
Establishing native wildflower habitats in urban settings on a low budget 用低预算在城市环境中建立本地野花栖息地
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0021
J. S. Shelton, W. J. Florkowski, S. V. Pennisi
This study aimed to compare the costs of two methods in establishing a native wildflower habitat using transplants while controlling weeds. The first method involved no-tillage and glyphosate herbicide and the second method used dazomet herbicide with tillage. Direct expenses included the initial establishment of the transplants under two differing soil treatments and were calculated separately. Expense differences between the two methods result from the prices of the two herbicides, type of equipment used in soil preparation and the type of tasks requiring labour. Results show a high rate (85%–90%) of the transplants becoming established regardless of the method used, suggesting that both may be considered suitable. With conservation and sustainability in mind, the cost estimates provide benchmarks for different methods of planting wildflower habitats in urban settings.
这项研究旨在比较两种方法在控制杂草的同时利用移植植物建立本地野花栖息地的成本。第一种方法是免耕和使用草甘膦除草剂,第二种方法是使用棉隆除草剂和耕作。直接费用包括在两种不同土壤处理方法下移植植物的初始建植费用,并分别计算。两种方法的费用差异来自于两种除草剂的价格、用于土壤准备的设备类型以及需要劳动力的任务类型。结果表明,无论使用哪种方法,移栽植物的成活率都很高(85%-90%),这表明两种方法都是合适的。考虑到保护和可持续性,成本估算为在城市环境中种植野花栖息地的不同方法提供了基准。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and physiochemical changes of jojoba under water pollution stress condition 水污染胁迫条件下荷荷巴的形态和理化变化
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0016
M. S. Aboryia, Mohamed Saleh M. Ali, Ahmed F. Elshiekh, Basmah M. Alharbi, Ibrahim Eid Elesawi, Ahmed M. Fikryi, Ahmed A. Helaly, Fatma R. Ibrahim, Eman A. swedan, Hany G. Abd El-Gawad, Samy F. Mahmoud, El-Sayed A. EL-Boraie
Water security is a major challenge for agricultural sustainability in Egypt. To tackle water scarcity, the reuse of wastewater such as raw agricultural drainage water (RADW) and treated sewage drainage water (TSDW) can be a potential solution. An investigation was conducted over two seasons (2022 and 2023) for 5 months (January–May) on roughly 8-month-old jojoba plants to study their tolerance for irrigation with different concentrations of wastewater (RADW, TSDW) at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% compared to the control (tap water). The study examined the effect of wastewater irrigation on growth parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, shoot numbers, leaf physical measurements, visual quality (VQ) and leaf chemical components including heavy metals (HMs), antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH]), ion leakage (IL%), superoxide anion (O2 •−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), leaf minerals, pigments, soluble carbohydrate content (SCC), total phenolic content (TPC) and proline performance in jojoba plants. The findings indicated that jojoba plants can tolerate irrigation with RADW up to a concentration of 100% and TSDW up to a concentration of 75%.
水安全是埃及农业可持续发展面临的一大挑战。为解决缺水问题,废水再利用(如农业排水原水 (RADW) 和经处理的污水排放水 (TSDW))不失为一种潜在的解决方案。我们在两个季节(2022 年和 2023 年)对约 8 个月大的荷荷巴植物进行了为期 5 个月(1 月至 5 月)的调查,以研究与对照(自来水)相比,荷荷巴植物对 25%、50%、75% 和 100% 的不同浓度废水(RADW、TSDW)灌溉的耐受性。研究考察了废水灌溉对生长参数的影响,如植株高度、茎直径、嫩枝数量、叶片物理测量、视觉质量(VQ)和叶片化学成分,包括重金属(HMs)、抗氧化能力(2、2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH])、离子渗漏率(IL%)、超氧阴离子(O2--)、过氧化氢(H2O2)、丙二醛(MDA)、叶片矿物质、色素、可溶性碳水化合物含量(SCC)、总酚含量(TPC)以及荷荷巴植物的脯氨酸含量。研究结果表明,荷荷巴植物可以承受浓度高达 100% 的 RADW 灌溉和浓度高达 75% 的 TSDW 灌溉。
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引用次数: 0
Phenotypic characteristics of black apricot Prunus × dasycarpa cultivar ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ in Armenia 亚美尼亚黑杏 Prunus × dasycarpa 栽培品种 "Shlor-Tsiran "的表型特征
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0018
Janna Akopian, Yevgenia Navasardyan, Alexander Rudov, Lala Stepanyan, Gevorg Zaroyan, Gayane Gabrielyan
‘Shlor-Tsiran’ (literally called ‘Plum-Apricot’) is an old black apricot cultivar, which is traditionally cultivated in Armenia. Taxonomically, it belongs to Prunus × dasycarpa Ehrh., which is a spontaneous hybrid of apricot and cherry plum (P. armeniaca L. × P. cerasifera Ehrh.). Currently, ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ is considered to be very rare in Armenia and it occurs as single trees in old home orchards of the Ararat Valley. It is characterised by high frost and disease resistance, late flowering and fruiting compared with other cultivated apricots, and is of interest for the development of apricot cultivars displaying delayed fruit ripening and enhanced frost resistance. This study aims to phenotype the cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ taking into consideration 67 quantitative and qualitative characteristics of vegetative and generative organs, growth and development. Morphological description of the cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’, comparing with its parent species, P. armeniaca and P. cerasifera, was performed. Data on fertility and viability of pollen grains, biochemical and nutritional properties of fruits and tree productivity are provided. The data obtained should contribute to a wider use and conservation of the black apricot cv. ‘Shlor-Tsiran’ gene pool, which can be used for breeding purposes as well. The article is illustrated with tables and original photographs.
Shlor-Tsiran"(字面意思为 "李子-杏")是一种古老的黑杏栽培品种,在亚美尼亚有传统栽培。在分类学上,它属于 Prunus × dasycarpa Ehrh.,是杏和樱桃李(P. armeniaca L. × P. cerasifera Ehrh.)的自发杂交种。目前,"Shlor-Tsiran "在亚美尼亚非常罕见,仅在阿拉拉特山谷的老家果园中以单株出现。与其他栽培杏相比,"Shlor-Tsiran "具有抗霜冻和抗病性强、花期和果期晚等特点,对开发果实延迟成熟和抗霜冻能力更强的杏栽培品种具有重要意义。本研究旨在对品种 "Shlor-Tsiran "进行表型,其中考虑到了无性和生殖器官、生长和发育的 67 个定量和定性特征。对变种 "Shlor-Tsiran "进行了形态学描述,并与其亲本 "P. armeniaca "和 "P. cerasifera "进行了比较。提供了有关花粉粒的繁殖力和存活率、果实的生化和营养特性以及树木产量的数据。所获得的数据将有助于更广泛地利用和保护黑杏变种 "Shlor-Tsiran "基因库,该基因库也可用于育种目的。文章配有表格和原始照片。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of different methods of under-vine management on the structure of vegetation and the qualitative parameters of the grapes in the Moravian wine region 不同的葡萄树下管理方法对摩拉维亚葡萄酒产区植被结构和葡萄质量参数的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0015
Tomáš Kopta, Lucia Nedorost Ragasová, Radek Sotolář, Jozef Sedláček, Vojtěch Ferby, Erika Hurajová, Jan Winkler
The present article explores the importance of vineyard soil management. Studies on under-vine management have yielded a wide range of results, with some indicating potential benefits for vine growth and productivity. However, the methods of under-vine management and their specific effects on vineyard parameters require further research. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationships existing between the different types of management of under-vine areas and the vegetation grown in this zone and to determine the effects of under-vine management on the yield and quality of Traminer grapevines. By examining various approaches, the research aims to provide insights into the optimising of vineyard management methods to achieve enhanced biodiversity and grape quality in this specific geographical context. The findings indicated that management of the under-vine area can impact the composition of plants, grape yield and quality. Under-row management had an effect on the number of plant species and their composition. The highest weight of bunches was found in MIX (a species from the Fabaceae family), while the lowest was found in the MECH treatment (bare soil). MULCH, MONO and MIX consistently had higher yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) in grapes than other treatments. In many of the evaluated parameters, the influence of the seasons was evident.
本文探讨了葡萄园土壤管理的重要性。关于葡萄树下管理的研究取得了广泛的成果,其中一些成果显示了葡萄树生长和生产力的潜在益处。然而,葡萄树下管理的方法及其对葡萄园参数的具体影响还需要进一步研究。本研究旨在评估不同类型的葡萄树下管理与该区域种植的植被之间的关系,并确定葡萄树下管理对特拉米纳葡萄产量和质量的影响。通过研究各种方法,该研究旨在为优化葡萄园管理方法提供见解,从而在这一特定的地理环境中提高生物多样性和葡萄质量。研究结果表明,葡萄树下区域的管理会影响植物的组成、葡萄的产量和质量。行下管理对植物种类的数量及其组成有影响。MIX(一种豆科植物)的葡萄串重量最高,而 MECH 处理(裸土)的葡萄串重量最低。MULCH、MONO 和 MIX 处理的葡萄酵母同化氮(YAN)始终高于其他处理。在许多评估参数中,季节的影响都很明显。
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引用次数: 0
Connecting college students with nature: An evaluation indicator system for the implementation of horticultural therapy programmes on university campuses 将大学生与大自然联系起来:大学校园实施园艺疗法计划的评估指标体系
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0014
Tongyu Li, Siyuan Guo, Binxia Xue, Wenjia Yang
The introduction of horticultural therapy to university campuses has gradually become an effective way to promote college students’ interaction with nature, improve their health and increase the quality of their study environment. However, many current studies have focused on measuring and evaluating the physical and mental health benefits of horticultural therapy programmes for college students, while less attention has been paid to exploring how to implement such programmes in a planned and sustainable manner. The main purpose of this study is to construct an evaluation system for the implementation of horticultural therapy programmes on university campuses, so as to better guide the sustainable development of campus horticultural therapy. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the Delphi method were combined in this study. Delphi method was used to carry out two rounds of consultation for 10 experts, to select and revise indicators at all levels and establish an evaluation system. Expert and college student opinions were combined to determine the weight of indicators at each level using AHP. The evaluation system constructed by Delphi method included 4 indicators in the criteria layer and 12 indicators in the indicator layer. The weight analysis of AHP showed that horticultural therapy plan (0.341) was most important in the criteria layer, followed by the natural healing environment (0.289), the horticultural therapy team (0.190) and post-maintenance management (0.180). In conclusion, the evaluation system constructed systematically sorts out the elements of conducting horticultural therapy programmes on Chinese university campuses, which has good application and promotion value.
将园艺疗法引入大学校园已逐渐成为促进大学生与自然互动、改善大学生健康状况、提高学习环境质量的有效途径。然而,目前的许多研究都侧重于衡量和评估园艺疗法项目对大学生身心健康的益处,而较少关注如何有计划、可持续地实施此类项目。本研究的主要目的是构建大学校园园艺疗法项目实施的评价体系,从而更好地指导校园园艺疗法的可持续发展。本研究结合了层次分析法(AHP)和德尔菲法。采用德尔菲法对 10 位专家进行两轮咨询,对各级指标进行筛选和修订,建立评价体系。综合专家和大学生的意见,采用 AHP 方法确定各层次指标的权重。德尔菲法构建的评价体系包括标准层 4 个指标和指标层 12 个指标。AHP 权重分析表明,标准层中园艺疗法计划(0.341)最重要,其次是自然疗养环境(0.289)、园艺疗法团队(0.190)和后期维护管理(0.180)。总之,所构建的评价体系系统地梳理了我国大学校园开展园艺疗法项目的要素,具有很好的应用和推广价值。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular characterisation of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes 山茱萸(Cornus mas L.)基因型的分子特征描述
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2024-0013
Azra Skender, Gordana Ðurić, Amine Assouguem, Sezai Ercisli, Gulce Ilhan, Rachid Lahlali, Riaz Ullah, Zafar Iqbal, Ahmed Bari
The application of microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers has proven to be highly effective in genetically characterising the origins of various fruit species. Bosnia and Herzegovina boast abundant cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) germplasm within its natural habitats. This study focuses on three geographically distant regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina–Drvar, Mostar and Zenica–comprising a sample of 60 cornelian cherry genotypes. The genetic analysis of cornelian cherry utilised eight microsatellite primers to characterise the genetic makeup of the 60 genotypes. Notably, all observed loci in the three populations demonstrated 100% polymorphism. The total genetic differentiation is 0.042, which is also confirmed by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), which indicates that 3% of the total genetic variation is between groups, 8% between individuals and 89% within individuals. The results of pairwise Fst analysis (pFst) indicate that the greatest differentiation is between the populations of Mostar and Zenica (0.037), between Drvar and Zenica (0.026) and between Drvar and Mostar (0.025). The results of the genetic distance according to Nei confirm these results. Also, the largest difference was observed between the populations of Mostar and Zenica (0.316), then between Drvar and Zenica (0.285), and the smallest between Drvar and Mostar (0.251). This research contributes valuable insights into the genetic diversity and characterisation of cornelian cherry populations in different regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
微卫星简单序列重复(SSR)标记的应用已被证明在从遗传学角度确定各种水果物种的原产地特征方面非常有效。波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那拥有丰富的山茱萸(Cornus mas L.)种质资源。本研究侧重于波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那地理位置遥远的三个地区--德尔瓦尔、莫斯塔尔和泽尼察--包括 60 个山茱萸樱桃基因型样本。山茱萸樱桃的遗传分析使用了 8 个微卫星引物来描述 60 个基因型的遗传组成特征。值得注意的是,三个种群中所有观察到的位点都显示出 100%的多态性。总遗传差异为 0.042,分子方差分析(AMOVA)也证实了这一点,表明总遗传变异的 3%发生在群体之间,8%发生在个体之间,89%发生在个体内部。成对 Fst 分析(pFst)结果表明,莫斯塔尔和泽尼察种群之间(0.037)、德瓦尔和泽尼察之间(0.026)以及德瓦尔和莫斯塔尔之间(0.025)的差异最大。内氏遗传距离的结果证实了这些结果。此外,莫斯塔尔和泽尼察之间的差异最大(0.316),然后是德瓦尔和泽尼察之间的差异(0.285),德瓦尔和莫斯塔尔之间的差异最小(0.251)。这项研究有助于深入了解波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那不同地区山茱萸种群的遗传多样性和特征。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the effects of various light spectra on microgreen species 分析各种光谱对微绿物种的影响
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.2478/fhort-2023-0012
Lucia Jasenovska, Marian Brestic, Mária Barboričová, Jana Ferencova, Andrej Filaček, Marek Živčák
Light conditions, such as spectral composition, intensity and photoperiod, can affect the photosynthetic apparatus and content of beneficial bioactive compounds. The experiments realised under randomised experimental design tested seedlings of 21 genotypes, including 12 genotypes of the Brassicaceae family, lettuce, amaranth, onion, spinach, fenugreek and two beet and two basil genotypes, which were cultivated in three light environments under narrow-band red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and broad-band white LEDs. Responsiveness to light spectra was assessed based on fresh and dry weight, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and non-invasive assessment of specific compounds using fluorescence excitation ratios. In white light, we observed a higher fresh weight compared to that in monochromatic environments, especially compared to blue light. In most of the species, blue and white light had a positive effect on the concentration of chlorophyll and carotene in plants compared to red light. Blue light was associated with the highest values of chlorophyll excitation ratios, indicating a significant increase in flavonoids and anthocyanin contents. Individual microgreens responded differently in all assessed traits, especially in fluorescence ratios. We also observed the clustering of microgreens with similar responses to LED light spectra. In conclusion, in most plant species, multispectral white LEDs positively influenced quantitative and qualitative traits compared to the most frequently used red LEDs. Blue light slightly improved quality, but suppressed growth. Nevertheless, some species responded differently, emphasising the need to optimise the light to improve the microgreens’ production and nutritional value.
光照条件,如光谱成分、强度和光周期,会影响光合装置和有益生物活性化合物的含量。在随机实验设计下进行的实验测试了 21 种基因型的幼苗,包括 12 种十字花科植物、莴苣、苋菜、洋葱、菠菜、葫芦巴以及两种甜菜和两种罗勒基因型,这些幼苗分别在窄带红光和蓝光发光二极管(LED)以及宽带白光 LED 下的三种光照环境中培育。根据鲜重和干重、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量以及利用荧光激发比对特定化合物进行的非侵入式评估,对光光谱的反应能力进行了评估。与单色光环境相比,我们观察到白光环境下的鲜重更高,尤其是与蓝光环境相比。在大多数物种中,与红光相比,蓝光和白光对植物叶绿素和胡萝卜素的浓度有积极影响。蓝光与最高的叶绿素激发比值相关,表明类黄酮和花青素含量显著增加。在所有评估的性状中,特别是在荧光比方面,不同的微型蔬菜有不同的反应。我们还观察到,对 LED 光光谱反应相似的微蔬会聚集在一起。总之,与最常用的红光 LED 相比,多光谱白光 LED 对大多数植物品种的定量和定性性状都有积极影响。蓝光略微改善了质量,但抑制了生长。不过,有些物种的反应有所不同,这说明有必要优化光照,以提高微型蔬菜的产量和营养价值。
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