Understanding Nonbelievers’ Prejudice toward Ideological Opponents: The Role of Self-Expression Values and Other-Oriented Dispositions

IF 1.7 2区 哲学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY International Journal for the Psychology of Religion Pub Date : 2020-07-02 DOI:10.1080/10508619.2019.1696498
Filip Uzarevic, V. Saroglou
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

ABSTRACT Research adopting the ideological-conflict hypothesis indicates that low religiosity, nonbelief, and antireligious sentiments predict prejudice toward ideological opponents. How to understand this, from an individual differences perspective, given that nonbelievers are typically open-minded and low in authoritarianism? We investigated, among 422 UK adults, social distance from antiliberals (antigay activists), fundamentalists, and religionists of major world religions (Catholicism, Islam, and Buddhism). Nonbelievers showed prejudice toward all religious targets – but not toward an ethnic outgroup (Chinese). Furthermore, antireligious sentiment implied (1) valuing rationality and, in turn, social distance from fundamentalists and (2) low empathy and low belief in the benevolence of others and the world and, in turn, social distance from religionists. Finally, (3) valuing liberty predicted social distance from antiliberals but failed to mediate the effect of antireligious sentiment. Though general processes (e.g., perceived threat) explain all prejudices, specific individual differences seem to distinguish nonbelievers’ and believers’ prejudice toward each other.
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理解非信仰者对意识形态对手的偏见:自我表达价值观和他者取向的作用
采用意识形态冲突假说的研究表明,低宗教信仰、无信仰和反宗教情绪预示着对意识形态对手的偏见。鉴于无信仰者通常思想开放,威权主义程度较低,如何从个体差异的角度来理解这一点?我们调查了422名英国成年人与反自由主义者(反同性恋活动家)、原教旨主义者和世界主要宗教(天主教、伊斯兰教和佛教)的社会距离。不信教的人对所有宗教对象都有偏见,但对少数民族(中国人)没有偏见。此外,反宗教情绪意味着(1)重视理性,从而与原教旨主义者保持社会距离;(2)对他人和世界仁慈的同理心和信念较低,从而与宗教主义者保持社会距离。(3)重视自由能预测反自由主义者的社会距离,但不能调节反宗教情绪的影响。虽然一般的过程(例如,感知到的威胁)解释了所有的偏见,但特定的个体差异似乎区分了非信徒和信徒对彼此的偏见。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
4.50%
发文量
15
期刊介绍: The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion (IJPR) is devoted to psychological studies of religious processes and phenomena in all religious traditions. This journal provides a means for sustained discussion of psychologically relevant issues that can be examined empirically and concern religion in the most general sense. It presents articles covering a variety of important topics, such as the social psychology of religion, religious development, conversion, religious experience, religion and social attitudes and behavior, religion and mental health, and psychoanalytic and other theoretical interpretations of religion. The journal publishes research reports, brief research reports, commentaries on relevant topical issues, book reviews, and statements addressing articles published in previous issues. The journal may also include a major essay and commentaries, perspective papers of the theory, and articles on the psychology of religion in a specific country.
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